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Energy (Energy Stores (Gravitational Potential (E = mgh), Elastic…

- - - - No pollution, no fuel costs, minimal running costs, no damage to the landscape
      - Very noisy, supply cannot be manually increased, ruin the scenery
    - - Good for calculators and watches, no pollution, very little running cost, very reliable in sunny countries
      - High initial cost, supply cannot be manually increased, only works in daytime, can only be used in small scale
    - - Very reliable with no environmental problems, can be used for electricity or direct heating
      - High initial cost, not many locations where it is possible
    - - No pollution, no running costs, useful on small islands
      - Unreliable, high initial cost, sea hazard, looks bad
      - The wave pushes air up to spin a turbine to power a generator
    - - Provides an immediate response to an increased demand for electricity, low running costs, no reliability issues
      - Big impact on the environment because of flooding of the valley, loss of habitat for some animals
    - - As tide comes in, it spins turbines on a dam
      - no pollution, no running costs, pretty reliable, can generate a lot of energy
      - moderately high initial cost, prevents boat access, looks bad, spoils habitat, can only be used in suitable estuaries
    - - can be carbon neutral if burned at the same rate of growth, reliable
      - expensive to refine, crops used for bio-fuels can't be used for food, areas of forest are cleared to grow bio-fuel, cannot respond to immediate energy demand
      - Carbon neutral fuel is fuel that has no net emissions of greenhouse gas
  - - - Scientists can't force people to change even with research
      - Building renewable plants is expensive, and companies don't want to because fossil fuels are cost effective
      - People don't know where to put them
      - Renewables aren't always as reliable
      - Research into making renewables better takes time and money
      - Personal changes are more expensive, e.g. hybrid/electric cars
- - - - Thick walls
      - Double glazed windows
      - Loft insulation w/fibreglass
      - Cavity wall (inner and outer wall with air gap in the middle
        
        Cavity insulation material is better than air because it causes the air to form small pockets and reduces the rate of energy transfer
- - - - Thermal conductivity is a measure of how quickly energy is transferred through a material in this way. Materials with high density, like metal, have higher thermal conductivity, because the particles are closer and will pass on their kinetic energy quicker.
  - - - Turning on a radiator transfers energy from the radiator to the nearby air particles by conduction, the air by the radiator becomes warmer, less dense, and rises. Cool air replaces it, which is heated by the radiator. At the same time, the air that rose cools, becomes denser and sinks. This cycle repeats, causing a flow of air to circulate around the room