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Mental health-topic 3 (Background-humanistic explanation (Humanistic…
Mental health-topic 3
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Applications
Cognitive behavioural therapy to treat depression: Cognitive-behavioural therapy is the most widely used form of talking therapy and it can be used to treat a range of anxiety disorders such as post traumatic stress disorder, depression and OCD, as well as psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. CBT combines cognitive therapy (examining the things you think) and behaviour therapy (examining the things you do).
Humanistic therapy to treat depression:Person centred counselling Person centred counselling is a humanistic approach that deals with the ways in whihc individuals percieve themselves rather than how a counsellor can interpret their unconscious thoughts or ideas. They prefer to refer to those in therapy as 'clients' rather than 'patients'. Person centred counselling can be used to treat depression
The core purpose of the person centred approach is to help improve the clients actualising tendency (the idea that all humans will persure what is best for them and develop towards their full potential). This type of therapy facilitates the personal growth and relationships of an individual by allowing them to explore and use their own strengths and personal identity.
Rogers suggested three core-conditions which facilitate clients and their personal growth:
1. Congruence-the counselllor must be completely open and genuine
2. Unconditional positive regard- the counsellow must be non-judgemental and postively value the client as a person in all aspects of their humanity
3.Empathy-the counsellor must strive to understand the clients experience and how they are feeling.
These core conditions are vital to helping an individual feel accepted and better understand their own feelings-essentially helping them to reconnect with their inner values and sense of self-worth. This reconnection with their inner resources enables them to find their own way to move forward.
There is no fixed number of sessions when using a person centred approach. this is normally determined between the counsellor and client. Some people attend for a short period, such as six sessions, others attend for a longer period depending on a persons needs and wishes
It involves helping patients to identify irrational and unhelpful thoughts and trying to change them. This involves showing patients links between their thinking, behaviour and emotion. The rationale for CBT is that our thoughts affect our feelings and behaviour, so by changing our thoughts and our behaviours we can make ourselves feel better. CBT teaches people with depression coping skills for dealing with different symptoms.
The aims of CBT in treating depression are:
- To re-establish previous levels of activity
- To re-establish a social life
- To challenge patterns of negative thinking
- To learn to spot the early signs of recurring depressions
During the sessions, the patient and therapist will work together to break down problems into their separate parts- such as thoughts, feelings and behaviours. The patient and therapist will analyse these areas to work out if they're unrealistic or unhelpful. The therapist will then be able to help the patient work out how to change unhelpful thoughts and behaviours.
After working out what the patient can change, the therapist will ask the patient to practise these changes in their daily life (possibly keep a diary) to be then discussed during the next session.
The eventual aim of therapy is to teach the patient to apply the skills they've learnt during treatment to their daily life. This should help manage their depression and stop it having a negative impact own their life-even after your course of treatment finishes. CBT usually takes place once a week, or a fortnight, for between 5 and 20 sessions. Each session will last 30-60 minutes.
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