Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Classification of Illicit Drugs (By Effect (Depressants: slow down CNS,…
Classification of Illicit Drugs
By Effect
Depressants
:
slow
down
CNS
, impairs hand eye co-ordination, reduce inhibitions. e.g.
alcohol
, barbiturates,
benzodiazepines
Hallucinogens
: Mix-up CNS,
hallucinations
, time perception & short term memory effects, increases appetite. e.g.
LSD, Mescaline, Ketamine, Marijuana, THC, MDA, PCP
Mood Modifiers
:
tranquillisers
: chloropromazine,
antidepressants
- given by prescription
Narcotic Analgesics
:
Provides pain relief
, surpasses the cough reaction, slow down CNS. e.g.
opium
, morphine, codeine,
heroin
,
methadone
Stimulants
:
Speed up CNS
, sense of euphoria, cause anxiety & paranoia, increase heart rate & blood pressure. e.g.
Cocaine
,
amphetamines
,
caffeine
& tobacco.
Sources of Psychoactive Drugs
Naturally Occurring
: Opium, psilocybin, cannabis, mescaline
Semi-synthetic:
oxycodone, heroin, morphine, codeine
Synthetic:
amphetamine, MDMA, LSD
Forensic Analysis
Cross check all documentation, ensure seals of all exhibits are intact, ensure paperwork correctly corresponds with items submitted, ensure weights are the same.
Open one exhibit at a time, only deal w/ one item at a time, item is photographed. (weight is recorded)
SWGDRUG
Criteria- 2 Cat A or 1 cat A + 2 cat B
Presumptive tests: gives indication of drug, helps determine solvent for extraction
Amphetamine - basified hexane, Others MeOH, synthetic cannabinoids- ethyl acetate
Subsample in appropriate solvent & send to GCMS
GCMS results depends upon course of action
Is a dangerous drug detected (DMR) 2. Gross weight of item. 3. Request from client
Cat A-(structural info) MS, FTIR, NMR
Cat B- (providing comparative analytical results) GC, HPLC, TLC, CE
Cat C- (preliminary screening tests) colour tests, immunoassay, melting points, UV spectrophotometry
Samples Received (tablets, powder)
Presumptive Test
(Marquis: orange= amphetamine; purple= opiates; MDMA= blue/black)
Extraction of possible drug with appropriate solvent
(i.e. if Orange or blue black Marquis= basified hexane; if purple or no reaction=MeOH)
GC-FID/MS (injected along w/ standards)
No dangerous drugs detected
FTIR
& or base extraction performed to confirm no dangerous drugs OR
LCMS/MS
(especially so w/ capsuels & tablets)
Dangerous drug/s detected
(a) Not sch 3 drug
(b) Gross weight < stat weight (i.e. FDQ cases)
Confirmatory Tests
(2nd sample on GC-FID/MS or LC or IRD- along w/ standards)
(a) Sch 3: gross weight > stat weight
(b) requested
Quantification on LC
(HPLC or UPLC)
2 reps- gross weight < st weight; 6 reps= gross weight > st weight