Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Atomic Structure (Mass Spectrometer (Used to measure relative masses of…
Atomic Structure
Mass Spectrometer
- Used to measure relative masses of isotopes
- To find the relative abundance of the isotopes in a sample atom
-
- Vaporization: sample is vaporised
- Ionisation: sample bombarded with e-. Produces + ions X(g) -> X+(g) + e-
- Acceleration: electric field is used to accelerate e- towards magnetic field.
- Deflection: accelerated ions are deflected into the magnetic field. The amount of deflection is greater when
- mass of the + ion is LESS
- charge on + ion is GREATER
- velocity on the + ion is LESS
- strength of magnetic field is GREATER
- Detection: ions are detected electronically by a device
- measure the location and number
First Ionisation Energy
-
- Metals:⬇ionization energy
- Non metals: ⬆ ionization energy
-
-
-
-
-
Line emission spectrum
Balmers series:
- transition of e- to n=2.
- Visible radiation
Paschen series
- transition of e- to n=3
- IR radiation
Lyman Series:
- transition of e- to n=1.
- UV radiation
Terms
-
Cation: positive ion, has fewer electrons than the corresponding neutral
atom
anion: negative ion, has more electrons than the neutral atom
-
Radioisotopes
Same element, same protons, diff. no of neutrons
-
Physical properties can vary
eg
- boiling point
- melting point
- rate of diffusion
- Atomic number (Z) = number of protons in the nucleus
- Mass number (A) = number of protons + number of neutrons
- A^XvZ