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Networks (Packet (Packet delay (Bandwidth delay or per-link delay
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Networks
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TCP Transport
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Reliable
- Uses sequence numbers to ensure order
- timeout/retransmission mechanism
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Three-way-handshake
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Four-layer model
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Transport layer
Is the layer above the IP layer and solves
problems of packet loss and ordering of
packets.
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Segment:
If the transport protocol is TCP, the unit of data sent from TCP to network layer is called Segment.
Datagram:
This is used in 2 layers. If the network protocol is IP, the unit of data is called Datagram. At transport layer, if protocol is UDP, we use datagram there as well. Hence, we differentiate them as UDP Datagram, IP Datagram.
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Packet:
It is a more generic term used either transport layer or network layer. TCP Packet, UDP Packet, IP Packet etc. I have not seen it to represent Physical layer data units.
Fragment:
My guess here is that when a unit of data is chopped up by a protocol to fit the MTU size, the resultant unit of data is called Fragments. But I am guessing.
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LAN Layer
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Throughput
- overall effective transmission rate
- accounting:
- transmission overhead
- protocol inefficienies
- competing traffic
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