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NATURAL LAW (DOCTRINE OF DOUBLE EFFECT (In NL 4 conditions (serious reason…
NATURAL LAW
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AQUINAS' 4 TIERS OF LAW
ETERNAL
Wrongness of things are knowable by reason, e.g. adultery.
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e.g. law of physics, gravity etc.
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DIVINE
Sermon on the Mount- 'Blessed are the merciful for they will receive mercy'. Cultivate virtues. People we should be.
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HUMAN
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Value based on prudence- But if regulation contrary to NL- loses validity. e.g. Prime Minister- kill blondes- kill blondes- wrong BUT pay taxes- right.
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NATURAL LAW
DEONTOLOGICAL
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some teleological aspects- universe is purposive- everything has a purpose. Slightly outdated, e.g. celibate priest, god omni-b, people who can't have kids.
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REAL & APPARENT GOODS
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APPARENT: wanted to do good but failed, e.g. aborting foetus. Led astray by passions.
SYNDERESIS PRINCIPLE
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However, some protestants & Niebuhr
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Makes some sense, e.g. terroists. However, need to learn through experience & upbringing.
OBJECTIONS
Accessible to everyone, why doesn't everyone follow it?
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Non-X theory
Non catholic thinkers, e.g. Martin Luther. Used by atheists.
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AQUINAS' IDEA
Christian Humanism
Morality rooted in reason, not scripture.
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CICERO: this understanding is caused by God but as were rational creatures we can work out- right & wrong, without God.