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KANTIAN ETHICS (DUTY (2 concepts (KANT: imposing obligation on one's…
KANTIAN ETHICS
DUTY
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Didn't believe any outcome was inherently good. Outcomes are unclear, what matters is of the will is good. He's against consequentialists.
We have free will, we must will the goof, because thats our duty- 'good will'.
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CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE
Unconditional commands binding everyone at all time, based on reason not feelings.
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3 FORMULATIONS
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2: 'Formula of ends'.
treat people was means not ends. people are autonomous, rational beings who are deserving of respect.
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Challenge: Bernard Williams: we need to consider emotions & feelings. Shouldn't be what our duty is but 'How should one live'.
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EMOTION OR REASON?
EMOTIONS
HUME
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Disagreed on origins of morals #
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REASON
KANT
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Awakened by Hume but disagreed on: knowledge could exist index of experience & that moral reasoning index of emotions.
STRENGTHS & WEAKNESSES
STRENGTHS
CLARITY: clear, easy to follow.
CONSISTENCY: no one's excluded, concentrates on how we treat people.
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HYPOTHETICAL IMPERATIVE
Something you must do if you want something to happen. e.g. if yo want an A*, must put the work in.
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