Explain the difference between objective and perceived diversity in teams

How does diversity influence an individuals commitment to a team

How does diversity influence a teams functioning and task performance

Objective diversity

Perceived diversity

Actual differences in member characteristics

Based on the perceptions of individuals instead of actual differences

"The degree to which members are aware of one another differences"

Broken into three focal points

Self to team dissimilairity

Perceived sub group splits

Perceived team heterogeneity

Faultline theory, where small portions of the group are seen as being different, - these generally predict negative outcomes

Reduced levels of cohesion

Issues exchanging ideas and information

Low levels of identification

This is how different the individual perceives themselves to be from the team and their position in the group relative to others

This is where the extent of the groups individual make up and differences is valued

Reduces biases

Encourages constructive conflict

Increase in elaboration of task specific information

Additional capabilities and viewpoints

Diverse expectations and social needs

High self to team dissimilarity results in

Increases in voluntary turnover

Low social exchanges with co-workers

Low commitment

Increases of perceived discrimination

Lower helping behaviour

Increased work withdrawal

This can be moderated by the context, for highly interdpendant tasks there was no change, for non-interdependant tasks there was a lack of helping behaviour

Higher levels of conflict between sub-groups

Sub-group formation negatively related to performance quality

Perceived heterogeneity has mixed reviews

High perceived heterogeneity within a team is perceived to improve a firms performance

This is contrasted by another finding that perceived heterogeneity results in lower quality strategic goals