Arrhythmias
Electrophysiology of the heart: Describe the normal sequence of cardiac activation and conduction and predict the consequence of its abnormalities.
Altered Impulse Formation and Conduction AND General Mechanisms of Tachyarrhythmias {ectopy and re-entry and Bradyarrhythmias {slow conduction and blockade}
Effect of rhythm disorders on heart pumping
Diagnosis of arrhythmias - Clinical symptoms/signs and auscultation AND ECG
7 Questions for each case: 1. Location of the electrical disturbance 2. Activation Pattern 3. Mechanism of arrhythmia 4. ECG recognition 5. Hemodynamic consequence 6. Key causes 7. Treatment in brief
Impulse Formation and Conduction
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Ionic Basis of Automaticity
Native and Latent Pacemakers
Overdrive Suppression
Electrotonic Interactions
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Alterations in Sinus NodeAutomaticity
Escape Rhythms
Enhanced Automaticity of Latent Pacemakers
Abnormal Automaticity
Triggered Activity
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Conduction Block
Unidirectional Block and
Reentry
Treatment Basis
BradyArrhythmias - Pharmacologic basis - Anticholinergics and beta-agonists, Temporary and permanent pacemakers
TachyArrhythmias - Antiarrhythmic drugs, carodti sinus massaga and cardioversion, defribillation and catheter ablation