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Part 3: Report Writing (Method (Method: Overall research method (Lab…
Part 3: Report Writing
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Method
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Design: Particular variation of the method e.g. repeated, independent measures, covert observation.
Sample: Information about group of pp's that took part (number, age, gender, etc.)
Materials/Apparatus: Details of any psychological tests, questionnaires, equipment or other materials used.
Procedure: Step-by-step account of what researchers did, including sampling techniques. Must be detailed enough to enable other researchers to replicate it. Significant ethical issues must be mentioned, and how they're dealt with.
Results/Findings
Contains what the researcher found out. Including descriptive and inferential statistics. Where you display graphs.
Discussion
Summary of results, how findings link to previous research, evaluation of possible methodological problems and any suggested improvements, applications of your research and possible further research ideas.
References
Whenever you have mentioned theory or piece of research, must put the name of the researcher in brackets and date published in report and in reference section provide full references, using Harvard system.
Appendices
Contains examples of materials (e.g. questionnaire, standardised instructions, diagrams or research equipment) raw data, and calculations.
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Referencing a book
Name of author.
Date book was published.
Title of the book (in Italics).
Location of publisher.
Publisher.
E.g. Smith, B. E., Taylor, A. and Watkins, P. (1992) The Big Book of Psychology London: University Press.
Peer Review
Psychological community validates new knowledge and ensures integrity in research by using peer review. Assessment of scientific work by others who are experts in the same field.
Serves 3 main purposes:
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sse2. Publication of research- Only research that passes peer review is published in academic journals, preventing incorrect or faulty data entering public domain.
3. Accessing university departments- Quality and funding for departments depends on receiving good ratings from peer reviews.
Criticisms:
Anonymous peer reviews result in reviewers attempting to sabotage others' work, especially when competing for funding.
Editors tend to prefer to publish positive results on headline catching topics (publication bias), increasing standings of the journal.
Process of Peer Review:
- System begins with research paper being submitted to journal for consideration for publication.
- Editor of journal examines topic and sends paper to psychologists who are experts in that field (peers).
- Their critical appraisal of work returned with recommendations about suitability for publication.