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São Paulo (Context (Site (Hilly plateau
A lot of rivers
Sao Paulo City…
São Paulo
Context
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Site
Hilly plateau
A lot of rivers
Sao Paulo City Area divided in half by Anhangabaú River
Tietê River flows through city
820m above sea level
Situation
70km inland from Atlantic Ocean
350km southwest from Rio de Janeiro
1000km north of Brasilia
Maim port is called Santos
Connectivity
Roads and railways
Motorway = Rodovia dos Imigrantes
Railway link to port of Santos
2 international airports
16,000 buses
Parts of the City
CBD
Business and residential
Business focused in Centro Velho, eg. Financial sector and banks
Leisure in Centro Novo, eg. Shops, hotels, museums, boulevards
High rise blocks for wealthy
Main railway stations
Changes in past 50 years
Many building constructed in 19th century and during industrialisations in 20ths century there were high rise buildings
Lack of space
Vacated office buildings = corticos
Lots of street traders
Inner City
Rich er people moved out to inner cities such as Jardins
Mainly residential but some industry
A lot of migrants settles her in 20th century, eg Bella Vista and Liberdade
First favelas established her which were removed by council but some remain such as Paraisopolis with 43,000 residents
Suburbs
Mainly residential and commercial
Great contrast
Morambi = high security housing complexes with hospitals, schools, government HQ
Also some favelas like Paraisopolis
Favelas near prestige land
Urban Rural Fringe
Many favelas in the 1980s due to rapid population growth and lack of housing
Residential use has changed
Gated communities located here, eg Alphaville
Gated communities offer better and safer life for wealthy people
Wealthy use helicopters to commune the to CBD
Nearly 3 times more helipads that in LA
ALPHAVILLE
Surrounded by high walls Andy patrolled by over 1000 guards
34,000 residents and 2,300 businesses focused in tertiary sector
Effects of urbanisation
Favelas
Didn’t start to develop until 1930s
Areas don’t have proper sewage system so much of the sewage runs through streets
Stand pipes serve water to 100s of people
Rapid industrialisation in 1980s caused growth of favelas
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Congestion and Pollution
Residents own 6.2 million cars and there are 16,000 buses
100s km of gridlocked roads at times causeing pollution
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Impacts of Migration
Diversity
Culturally diverse
Bela Vista = Italian
Liberdade = largest Japanese community outside Japan
Large number of migrants caused young age structure resulting in high birth reate
lLarge number of migrants = pressure on services such as hospitals
20% of residents live in favelas and Costco’s developed in 1980s
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Development approaches
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Bottom Up
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Jardin Jaqueline next to one of wealthiest areas but residents experience severe malnutrition
190 families receive food baskets each month
A committee built a day care and eventually employed 18 staff to look after 240 children
Advantages:
Policy in São Paulo from 2000 onwards
Communtiy included in decisions
Housing is same type but more substantial
Has services
Help quality of life in people in area
Disadvantages:
Take long time to instigate
Lots of people involved so hard to agree on how money is spent
Literacy courses involved but hard for people to accept them
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