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Catholic Church pre-1530 (Martin Luther (Studied law, but withdrew and…
Catholic Church pre-1530
Corruption
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Bible was written in Latin and could only be read by the Priests - possible exploitation of the people
Doom paintings showed church-goers images of hell, so they knew what would happen if they were to sin
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Martin Luther
Studied law, but withdrew and became a Monk
In 1505 he was sent to Rome on a diplomatic mission, where he noticed the mass corruption.
Luther was obsessed with his own sinfulness, and confessed lots
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St Paul - "Salvation comes through faith, not good works" which Luther took on in his teachings
John Tetzel - selling indulgences, a donation to the Church which were supposed to come with a promise from the Pope to reduce a sinners time in purgatory (a hell-like state where your soul is weighed, and it is decided how long your soul must be cleansed before you go to heaven) Luther disagreed with these, and thought they were useless
In response to indulgences, in October 1517 Luther wrote his 95 Theses - everything wrong about the Church - and nailed them to the Church door. Luther continued by saying Church and Pope made errors and had no spiritual powers
He said the Church was ' a priesthood of all believers" and more radical ideas developed - young people smashed up Churches and people began following the Bible word for word.
The circulation of lots of Luther's work, ideas and teachings was aided by the introduction of the printing press
The most radical of changes was his translation of the Bible into German, which meant for the first time Priests could read it for themselves. This caused many different interpretations and different 'spin off' groups.
Albert of Prussia was first to adopt Luther's thoughts - Kings are nominated by God to put teachings in place and to teach the doctrines. However, Protestantism also led to King's cutting their relations with the Pope so the King and heirachy could take the profits and land = £££
Erasmus
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Many schools began to adopt Humanism into their curriculum - the belief of human capacity for self-improvement through education
Born in Rotterdam around 1466, joined the Augustinian Monastery at Steyn in 1487 and was ordained in 1492.
Visited England four times and between 1509-1514 he was appointed to a Professorship at Cambridge as a Professor of Divinity
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He advocated a tolerant Christianity and was highly critical of the Catholic church - his ideas paved the way for Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation. However, Erasmus disapproved of and criticised Luther's radical methods.