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Science revision (importance of crude oil : (Gasoline (Used to fuel cars)…
Science revision
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LPG - contains propane and butane, used in bottled cooking gas
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A homologous series is a series of compounds that have similar properties and the same general formula.
homologous series:ALKANES,ALKENES,CARBOCYLIC ACIDS
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As the number of carbon atoms in a series increases the boiling point increases. It takes more energy to separate bigger molecules.
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A hydrocarbon is a compound which is made from carbon and hydrogen atoms only. One family of hydrocarbons is the alkanes.
A hydrocarbon is a compound which is made from carbon and hydrogen atoms only. One family of hydrocarbons is the alkanes.
Materials like crude oil and coal which formed from living things many years ago are called fossil fuels. Crude oil takes millions of years to form, so when we have used it all, we cannot quickly get more.
This is why we call crude oil a non-renewable or finite resource.
Common fossil fuels:Natural gas,coal,nuclear,petroleum
Fractional distillation of crude oil. Because they have different boiling points, the substances in crude oil can be separated using fractional distillation. The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours allowed to condense at different temperatures in the fractionating column.
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Most of the compounds in crude oil are hydrocarbons. These are compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon atoms only, joined together by chemical bonds called covalent bonds. There are different types of hydrocarbon, but most of the ones in crude oil are alkanes.
The alkanes are a family of hydrocarbons that share the same general formula. This is:
CnH2n+2
Incomplete combustion occurs when the supply of air or oxygen is poor. Water is still produced, but carbon monoxide and carbon are produced instead of carbon dioxide. The carbon is released as soot.
Carbon monoxide is harmful when breathed because it displaces oxygen in the blood and deprives the heart, brain, and other vital organs of oxygen.
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