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Isomorphic and allomorphic features in English and Ukrainian (:check: At…
Isomorphic and allomorphic features in English and Ukrainian
:check: At Lexical level
English
:
Native
-
30%
,
Borrowed
-
70%
Ukrainian
:
Native
-
90%
,
Borrowed
-
10%
Common
Factors
-
intralinguistic and extralinguistic
Group
-
internationalisms and specific words
Lexico-semantic groups
and classes of words according to
semoitic classification
Stylistically
-
neutral, formal and informal layers
Socially
-
dialectisms, neologisms, internationalisms
Semantically
-
synonims, antonyms, homonyms
Motivation
-
phonetical, morphological, semantic
:check:
Language Family
Indo-European => Balto-Slavic => Slavic => East Slavic =>
Ukrainian
Indo-European => Germanic => West Germanic => Anglo-Frisian => Anglic =>
English
:check:
Language type
English -
analytical
Ukrainian -
synthetic
:check: At Phonetic and Phonological levels
English
Vowels
-
20 /
Consonants
-
24
V Phonemes
-
monophthongs, diphthongs and diphthongoids / long and short / front, mixed, back
C Phonemes
-
labial, lingual, glottal/ no palatalization/ aspiration of [p], [t], [k]
Syllables
- MAX number of
initiating C is **3
Stress
-
dynamic
/
Utterance stress
-
only notional words
Ukrainian
Vowels
-
6
/
Consonants
-
32
V Phonemes
-
only monophthongs / only short / no mixed
C Phonemes
-
labial, lingual/ palatalization/ no aspiration
Syllables
- MAX number of
initiating C is **4
Stress
-
qualitative
/
Utterance stress
-
notional and functional words
Common
Structural types of
syllables
-
open uncovered, open covered and closed
Stress
-
relatively free/ may be on the 1st, 2nd or the last syllable/ 3 degrees: primary, secondary, unstressed
:check: At Morphological level
English
Word-formaton
-
conversion, sound interchange, lexicalisation, wholophrasing
Prefixes
-
more numerous
Possessive Pronoun
-
conjoint and absolute
Verb
-
only analitical realisation of voice
Ukrainian
Suffixes
-
more numerous/ great number of diminutive and augmantative/ express gender/ 3 suffixes before root
Inflexions
-
greater amount
Category
-
of gender - 3 / case - 7
Adjectives
-
possessive
Numerals
-
indefinite, collective
Verb
-
reflexive/ only synthetic realisation of aspect
Common
Morphemes
-
free, bound
/
root, affixal
Word-formaton
-
suffixal, prefixal, combined + accentual, reduplication, back-formation, compounding, abbreviation
/
agglutination and suppletivity
Mostly common classes of
parts of speech
:check: At Syntactic level
English
Syntactic processes
-
representation, compression
Syntactic relations
-
secondary predicative
Syntactic connection
-
dominant is analytical
Word order
-
fixed
Two-member sentences
-
impersonal, indefinite personal, with introductory "it" and "there", with implicit agent and passive predicate verb followed by a preposotion, with secondary predication, with gerundial complexes
Ukrainian
Syntactic connection
-
dominant is syntactic
Word order
-
free
One-member sentences
-
definite personal, indefinite personal, generalised personal, impersonal
Common
Syntactic processes
-
extention, apposition, detachment, specification, expansion, ellipsis, contamination
Syntactic relations
-
predicative, objective, attributive, adverbial
Word groups
-
free combinations and idiomatycally bound collocations
Interrelation
-
co-ordinative and subordinative
Types of sentences
-
simple (one-member and two-member), complex, compound