Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

N=1 Design 5. (N=1 (3 Main Types: (Baseline Design (2 Phases (2 (B)…

- - - - 2 Phases
        
        1. (A) Baseline
        
        Observation of Behavior
        Before Manipulation
        
        at least 5 Observations
        
        2 (B) Intervention phase
        (Manipulation)
        
        when the Behavior is Stable (Baseline)
        we Manipulate w the Indipendent Variable X
        
        Track the Modification in Behavior
        (Dependent Variable Y)
        
        Internal Validity
        
        Intra-Subject Replication
        
        we Repeat Observation on the Same Subject
        and we Compare them
        
        at least 5 Observations
        
        AB, ABA, ABAB design
        
        A: Baseline Phase
        
        B: Intervantion Phase
        
        ABAB
      - Baseline Behavior
        
        Ideal
        
        Stable: Flat, not up and down
        
        Easier to see the Effect
        of the Manipulation
        
        Challenges
        
        Unstable and Fleeting (Drifting)
        
        ABABAB Drifting
        
        in this Example the Baseline is Drifting
        in a Systematic way, and we can see a Trend
        
        Too High, too Low (ex. too depressed)
        to track modificationstext
        
        Floor (or Ceiling) Effect
        
        Difficult to Measure Decreases
        
        Irreversible: Not goes Back to Baseline level
        (ex. brain damage bc drugs)
      - Multiple Baseline Design
        
        More than 1 Indipendent Variable
        
        More than 1 Behavior that can be
        Influenced by Manipulation
      - Multifactor Design
        
        Manipulation w Diff. Indipendent Variables
        
        look at the Effect of a Combination of Ind. Var.
    - - Similar to Baseline Design
        
        but the Manipulation is Applied Gradually,
        Not in a Discrete (enten-eller) way
- - - - the extent to which a Causal Conclusion based on a study is Warranted, which is determined by the degree to which a study Minimizes Systematic Error (or 'Bias')
  - - - the degree to which a Causal Conclusion is Warranted to Generalize Results to Other Contexts (People or Situations)
- - - - All the Variance is True Variance
        
        Increase Systematic Variance
        
        Minimize Error Variance
        
        Error Variance
        
        due to Other variables than Manipulation
        
        Systematic Variance:
        
        due to Manipulations in the Experiment
    - - X, Indipendent Variable
        
        Cause
        
        the one we Manipulate
      - Y, Dependent Variable
        
        Effect
  - - - (At least) 1 Experimental Group
        and 1 Control Group
    - - the Same Group is Measured Before and After the Manipulation
    - - Experiment done Outside the Lab
    - - 1 Individual is followed Over Time