Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Atomic Structure and Basic Ideas (Atoms (Atoms have a diameter of 0.1 nano…
Atomic Structure and Basic Ideas
Separation techniques
Filtration
Separating small particles (dirt) from a liquid using filter paper (Solid from a liquid)
Crystallization
The solidification of atoms or molecules to separate two substances (Dissolved solid from a liquid)
Distillation
Heating a liquid until it turns into a gas and then condensing it back into a liquid. The liquid will have two different boiling point so the can be separated (Liquid from a liquid)
Chromotagraphy
Putting a mixture of different substances/components into at solution. The solution will carry some of the molecules further up the chromatography paper than it will the others (A mixture of components)
History of the atom
John Dalton described atoms as solid spheres.
He later realised that atoms have charge and mass. So he invented the 'Plum Pudding Model'. The 'Plum Pudding Model' showed a positively charged plum pudding with electrons sticking out of it.
Ernest Rutherford then proved the 'Plum Pudding Model' wrong.
Rutherford came up with the 'Nuclear Model'
Further experiments showed smaller particles in the nucleus, protons.
Niels Bohr came up with a slightly different 'Nuclear Model'. His showed electrons in shells. The electrons were a set distance away from the nucleus.
Protons
Protons are found in the nucleus of an atom and have a positive charge. It has a mass of 1.
Elements
An element is a substance that is made up of atoms. The atoms in the element all have the same number of protons in the nucleus.
Compounds
When elements react with other elements, atoms combine with other atoms to form compounds.
Atoms
Atoms have a diameter of 0.1 nano-metres
Nanometre=1x10^-10m
Atoms contain protons, neutrons and electrons
In an element on the periodic table, the atomic mass is the top number and is the how many protons and neutrons are in the nucleus. The bottom number is the atomic number (proton number) this shows how many protons there are.
Electrons
Electrons are found in electron shells around the atom. Electrons have a negative charge and do not weigh enough to affect the weight of the atom.
Neutrons
Neutrons have a neutral charge and are found in the nucleus. It has a mass of 1.
