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Biodiversity (The significance of reduced biodiversity (A small number of…
Biodiversity
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Adaptations
Physiological traits
Mammals and birds are endothermic and must avoid wasting energy trying to maintain body heat in the cold. During hibernation a polar bear resets its body thermostat to use less energy, and the temp drops to 2degres rather that 37degrees.
The leaves fall off deciduous plants when the temperature and light intensity decrease in autumn. This way, they do not lose water by transpiration and risk dehydration throughout the winter when water may be frozen.
Behavioural traits
Plants flower in spring when there are insects about, to be pollinated.
Mating rituals in animals include the displaying of a peacocks tail or the dances performed by flamingos. Increase the animals chance of reproducing.
Anatomical traits
Sharks, dolphins and penguins have streamlined bodies for efficient food catching and escaping predators.
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Biodiversity index
Can be used to monitor the biodiversity of a habitat over time and compare biodiversity of different habitats.
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Natural selection
The gradual process in which inherited characteristics become more or less common in a population, in response to the environment determing the breeding success of individuals possessing those characteristics.
Mutation, variation, competitive advantage, survival of the fittest, reproduction, pass advantageous alleles to offspring.
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