Impacts of climate change
Glacier Mass Balance
Arctic sea ice thinning and shrinking
Ocean acidification
climate extremes
Sea level rise
Ocean warming
Reduction in biodiversity
ecology
human migration
expansion of disease effected areas
reduction in global productivity
Increased run off from G Ice sheet.
may affect the thermo-haline ocean circulation in N atlantic
Record lows in 12,16 +17
about 30% of co2 released by humans goes into oceans etc.
ocean becomes under-saturated in calcium carbonate minerals which is used in the production of shells and coral.
More extreme weather observed since 1950
decrease in cold temp extremes
increase in warm temp extrems
increase in extreme high sea levels
increase in no. of heavy rain fall events
sea level rise since mid 19th cent. larger than the mean rate for prev 2000 years.
1091 to 2010 = 0.19m rise (global mean)
greatest contributor is melting ice
accounts for 90% of the energy accumulated between 1971 and 2010, as increase in energy stored in climate system
intensification of the hydrological cycle
Increased evaportaion due to temp
increases rainfall seen
Marine + freshwater
terrestrial
changes associated with rising water temp, salinity, ice cover, O2 levels and circulation
shifts in ranges and changes in algal, plantkton and fish abundance in high lat oceans
can lead to eutrophocation as more nutrients from ice sheet run off