Impacts of climate change

Glacier Mass Balance

Arctic sea ice thinning and shrinking

Ocean acidification

climate extremes

Sea level rise

Ocean warming

Reduction in biodiversity

ecology

human migration

expansion of disease effected areas

reduction in global productivity

Increased run off from G Ice sheet.

may affect the thermo-haline ocean circulation in N atlantic

Record lows in 12,16 +17

about 30% of co2 released by humans goes into oceans etc.

ocean becomes under-saturated in calcium carbonate minerals which is used in the production of shells and coral.

More extreme weather observed since 1950

decrease in cold temp extremes

increase in warm temp extrems

increase in extreme high sea levels

increase in no. of heavy rain fall events

sea level rise since mid 19th cent. larger than the mean rate for prev 2000 years.

1091 to 2010 = 0.19m rise (global mean)

greatest contributor is melting ice

accounts for 90% of the energy accumulated between 1971 and 2010, as increase in energy stored in climate system

intensification of the hydrological cycle

Increased evaportaion due to temp

increases rainfall seen

Marine + freshwater

terrestrial

changes associated with rising water temp, salinity, ice cover, O2 levels and circulation

shifts in ranges and changes in algal, plantkton and fish abundance in high lat oceans
can lead to eutrophocation as more nutrients from ice sheet run off