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Prejudice and Discrimination (Types of prejudice (Sexuality (Prejudice…
Prejudice and Discrimination
Forms
Verbal slurs
Failure to provide reasonable accommodation or access
Preferential pay
Hiring or admissions policies
Hate crimes
Media Portrayal
Who carries it out?
Individuals
Groups
Institutions
Governments
Positive discrimination
Where a particular group is given special privileges to compensate for a perceived disadvantage
For example, disabled people can often access parking spaces closest to a building’s entrance.
Laws have been passed to create better access to buildings for people with disabilities.
One example of positive discrimination is the UK police force recruitment of homosexual officers. The reason for this has been to ensure that homosexuals are not under-represented in the force.
Types of prejudice
Sexuality
Prejudice towards homosexual people is called homophobia.
Disability
Religion
Prejudice towards Jews is called anti-Semitism. Prejudice towards Muslims is called Islamophobia.
Age
When people, young or old, suffer from prejudice because of their age, it is called ageism.
Ethnicity
It is possible for racism to occur between people of the same skin colour. Connected to this are prejudices based on ethnicity - cultural heritage, language, traditional dress code, etc.
Gender
Prejudice based on gender is called sexism. Both women and men can be victims of this, but it is more common for women to be the victims.
Race
Colour prejudice is the most common form of racism, as skin colour is a more obvious sign of the race a person belongs to.
Causes and Origins of prejudice
Historical events
In 1930s Nazi Germany, Jews were made scapegoats for the country's economic difficulties.
Ignorance
A person's background and upbringing
Media
What does the law say about discrimination?
1967 - Homosexual acts decriminalised
1970 - Equal pay acts passed for males and females
1944 - Legal definition of a disabled person introduced.
1976 - Race Relations Act outlaws race discrimination
1928 - Women granted equal voting rights to men.
2000 - Human Rights Acts comes into effect
What are the effects of prejudice and discrimination?
Prejudice makes the victim feel less than fully human. When people are undervalued by others, their self-esteem suffers and they stop trying to improve themselves.
Prejudice can lead to discrimination
At its worst extremes, prejudice can lead to genocide, as demonstrated during World War Two, with the extermination of 6 million Jewish people. This is an example of what can happen when prejudice is allowed to develop unchallenged in society.
The consequences of prejudice and discrimination can lead to individuals and entire communities feeling vulnerable, frightened and worthless. At worst, the result can be death.
Christian Teaching
Christians believe that all humans are made in the image of God.
Genesis 1:27 - "So God created human beings, making them to be like himself. He created them male and female".
Jesus died for all of the world
John 3:16 - For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have eternal life.
Christianity is a faith for anyone, regardless of race, social status or gender
Galatians 3:28 - There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.
Throughout the
Gospels
, there is a great emphasis on the idea that Jesus' message is meant for all people, from every walk of life
The foreign wise men (magi) came to worship him (Matthew 2:1-12).
Jesus cured the lepers (Mark 1:40-45), the blind (Matthew 20:29-34), the possessed (Mark 5:1-20), the foreigner (Mark 7:24-30) – all of whom were despised by society but accepted by Jesus.
In the birth story, an angel of the Lord appeared to shepherds (Luke 2:8-9).
Women had lower status in the society of the time, yet they were important to Jesus, so much so that the first appearances after the resurrection were to women (Matthew 28:1-10).
When he was asked “Who is my neighbour?” (Luke 10:29), Jesus told the parable of the Good Samaritan, in which the Samaritan, a member of a dispised community in Jesus' time, helped his fellow man when others failed to do so (Luke 10:30-37).
He was born as an outsider among the poorest and rejected (Luke 2:7-8).
Churches views on Prejudice and Discrimination
Catholic Church
Gaudium et Spes:
Every form of social or cultural discrimination in fundamental personal rights on the grounds of sex, race, colour, social conditions, language or religion must be curbed and eradicated as incompatible with God’s design.
BUT
, Some people claim that the Roman Catholic Church contradicts its own teachings by not allowing women to become priests
Other Denominations accept female ministers as equal to male minsters
The
Church of England
has allowed women to be ordained as priests since 1994 and as bishops from 2014.
Christians who fight against Prejudice and Discrimination
Martin Luther King Jr
King became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott. This started through a simple act of defiance when a black woman, Rosa Parks, refused to give up her seat on a bus for a white passenger when ordered to do so by the bus driver. She was later arrested.
Through death threats, multiple arrests, and several attempts against his life, Martin Luther King Jr was consistent in his application of the Biblical principles, taught by Jesus to:
"Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you." (Matthew 5:44)
Corrymeela Community (NI)
Working for peace and reconciliation in Northern ireland.