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Norman England (claimants to the throne (edgar aetheling (strengths…

- - - - nearest blood relative
      - english
    - - only 14
      - he had no money, no army and no military experience
  - - - harthacanute promised magnus, haralds father, the english crown
      - he was an experienced ruler
      - people in the north had scandinavian roots
    - - wasn't a blood relative
  - - - blessed by the pope
      - edward had promised william the throne.
      - wessex and normandy were allies
      - edward was raised in normandy
    - - illegitimate, born out of wedlock
  - - - english
      - acted as a sub regulus
      - skilful military leader
      - edward had said on his death bed that harold should be king
    - - Not a blood relative
      - tried but failed to overthrow the king
- - - - vikings
        
        harald hardrada with the support of tostig godwinson
        
        7000 men
      - english
        
        earls edwin and morcar in support of Harold Godwinson
        
        4500 men
    - - victory for the vikings
  - - - vikings
        
        Harald Hardrada with the support of tostig Godwinson
      - english
        
        harold Godwinson
    - - victory for the english
- - - - 10,000 men
    - - 7,000 men
- - - - bailey
        
        the area where troops were garrisoned
        
        had stables and a blacksmith so horses could be treated
        
        protected by a palisade and a ditch
        
        the palisade was originally made of wood but were changed to stone later
      - Motte
        
        raised mound with a central keep
      - helped the normans secure power
        
        built in strategic locations e.g. at river crossings or near passes through mountains or hills
        
        used as a base by the lord if troops had to retreat or to launch a counter Attack
        
        used to dominate territory recently brought under norman control
        
        A symbol of norman power as everyone could see the castle
  - - - 1068 south west
        
        in 1068 and 1069 godwinson's son tried to invade
        
        they were defeated on both occasions
        
        during the second invasion the town of exeter refused to help due to the castle there
      - 1067 the welsh borders
        
        the normans attacked herefordshire
        
        eadric was joined by bleddyn and riwallon,welsh kings
      - 1068 mercia - edwin and morcar
        
        they planned a revolt and encouraged others to join them
        
        william marched north and ordered a castle to be built at warwick
        
        he went on to build castles at nottingham, york, lincoln, huntington and cambridge
      - 1068 - exeter
        
        unhappy due to heavy taxes
        
        harold godwinson's mother lived in the south west and was plotting against william
        
        the threat was serious enough to bring william back from normandy
        
        william besieged exeter and the town surrendered after 18 days
        
        william lowered the taxes and also built a castle in the city
      - 1069 - york and the danish
        
        the danish threat was large and numbered 240 ships
        
        the ships came ashore and were joined by a large english amy
        
        the rebels defeated the york garrison and captured the sheriff
        
        william approached york and the danish retreated back to there ships as william persuaded them to leave
        
        william re-entered york and took back the city
      - 1069 - york and edgar Aetheling
        
        edgar aetheling with the support of malcolm,king of scotland, attacked york
        
        the castle held and sent a message to william
        
        william marched north a built a castle on the other bank and crushed the rebellion
      - 1069 - harrying of the north
        
        following the defeat of the danish and english william began harring the north
        
        countrysides and villages were razed to the ground
        
        over 100,000 people died
    - - 1070 east anglia
        
        A Danish fleet returned to england and sailed south
        
        the danish allied with a local rebel leader
        
        they raided peterborough abbey
        
        the danes returned home
        
        hereward surrendered when he was given his land back
      - 1072 - scotland
        
        malcolm launched his own attack and invaded england
        
        william marched to meet malcolms army
        
        malcolm was forced to sign the treaty of averntry in 1072 in which william became hi overlord. in return he was given some land
      - 1075 - revolt of the norman earls
        
        roger, earl of hereford was dissatisfied with his power and position
        
        roger plotted with two other norman earls to revolt against william
        
        roger had support from the english and the Danes
        
        however the revolt failed, one norman earl ran off to normandy
        
        william dealt with the rebels harshly, he took their land and he even beheaded one of the norman earls