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CHAPTER 1 - MOVEMENT SKILLS (INFLUENCES ON MOVEMENT (TASK (Task-related…
CHAPTER 1 - MOVEMENT SKILLS
INFLUENCES ON MOVEMENT
TASK
Task-related constraints
include the results of the game, equipment used and the speed and accuracy required
ENVIRONMENT
Environmental constraints
are those that are external to the individual such as the weather, sociocultural restraints and gravity
INDIVIDUAL
Individual constraints
are those that are internal to the performer, including body structure, fitness, psychological factors and genetics.
Functional constraints
relate to behaviours.
Examples
skill learning, attention, anxiety
Structural constraints
relate to the body structure of the individual.
Examples
individual growth pattern, body size, flexibility
CLASSIFICATION OF MOVEMENT
FINE OR GROSS SKILLS
Fine motor skills
involve the cooperative use of small muscle groups and the senses of sight and touch.
Example
shooting in archery
Gross motor skills
involve a combination of large muscle actions that result in a coordinated movement .
Example
skipping, throwing, hitting
DISCRETE, SERIAL OR CONTINUOUS SKILLS
Serial motor skills
are a series or group of discrete skills strung together to create a more complicated, skilled action.
Example
performing a gymnastics routine
Continuous motor skills
have no distinct beginning or end , the movements may continue for several minutes, often only involving tracking movements.
Example
swimming
Discrete motor skills
involve movements of brief duration and are easily defined by a distinct beginning and end.
Example
a throw, kick or catch
OPEN OR CLOSED SKILLS
Closed motor skills
are performed in a predictable, self-paced environment where there are no interruptions or changes in the surroundings
Open motor skills
are performed in a constantly changing and externally paced environment.
EXAMPLE
: Ten pin bowling is more closed than archery as it does not have external wind conditions to contend with
Skills are normally classified on an open/closed continuum, as some are more closed or more open than others
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOVEMENT
Qualitative analysis is the systematic observation of