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Party factions (REPUBLICANS (Social conservatives (support traditional…
Party factions
REPUBLICANS
Social conservatives
support traditional norms and values as part of the 'religious right', who focus on morality as dictated by religion (typically Christianity).
This was an ultraconservative response to the sexual revolution of the 70's, for example shown in Ronald Regan who completely ignored the HIV/AIDS crisis facing the gay commumity/he even called it "the gay plague"
Very prominent even today, shown in 'pro-life', anti gay marriage and anti immigration rhetoric- e.g. Hobby Lobby v Sebelius called "terrific" by Ted Cruz
Fiscal conservatives
Fiscal conservatives focus on a conservative economic agenda, with a focus on low tax and government expenditure.
The mosre fiscally conservative they are, the more likely they are to oppose Democrat 'big government' policies such as DAPA and the ACA
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Moderates/RINOs
Moderates are republicans that are more socially liberal, and could be economically liberal but normally are still conservative. They can also be called RINOS's- Republicans in name only.
Socially liberal and more likely to be pro-choice, for example Susan Collins of Maine was one of three Republicans to oppose the Partial Birth Abortion Act
Libertarians
Libertarians emphasize the idea of individual liberty and are more likely to want to reduce the role of the government than any other faction, with an emphasis on pragmatic reduced government spending and a laissez-faire economic and social strategy
Individual liberty is such a broad term, so may Libertarians differ on their view of what liberty is and consequently their political views. For example, some Libertarians are pro-marijuana legalisation and pro-choice as opposed to Jeff sessions/Trump wanting to overturn roe v wade
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DEMOCRATS
Blue Dog Democrats
Blue Dog Coalition - Started in 90's, used to have 27 members but many seats lost in 2012 elections so went down to 14. Now 18 members.
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Dying breed after the loss of the solid south- some say due to LBJ's civil rights act and alienated of southern white voters
Could possibly aid democrats to gain control of house as centrism allows them to target lost southern areas- 4/6 dems elected in 2016 were conservative dems
Blue dog democrats are conservative, more likely to be socially conservative and fiscally conservative
Progressives
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2010 gave a massive rise to the Congressional Progressive caucus, at the same time as the blue dog coalition lost half of it's members- indicating a distinct polarisation of the party towards the left
More radical left wing faction, socially and economically liberal, probably less pragmatic with spending
more determined to enforce 'big government' to solve socio economic injustices- they are typically pro economic intervention.
progressives like Senator Elizabeth Warren pushed Obama to reject the trans-pacific partnership so to not compromise welfare.
Moderates
More economically/socially conservative but still more centrist than dogs, created during Reagen but dissolved in 2011
'New Democrat Coalition' has 68 members in the house, meaning that combined with the Blue dogs conservative/moderate dems make up 79/194 reps
However, presence is falling as the coalition had 74 members in 2000