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Research Methods: Key words (PERVERT (Practical- Usefulness, cost…
Research Methods: Key words
Questionnaire- Set of printed/written questions. Sometimes with choice of answers, devised for survey purposes or statistical study.
Postal questionnaire- questionnaire delivered to the target population for them to fill out at home and send back.
Online questionaire- questionnaire/survey usually sent to the sample via email.
Telephone questionnaire- Questionnaire carried out over the phone, usually a survey.
PERVERT
Practical- Usefulness, cost effective and time taken for studies in order to work out advantages and disdavantages of methods.
Ethical- Moral considerations needing to be used in every study.
Reliable- Whether the study can be able to be replicated.
Valid- How true to real life it is.
Representative- Whether results can be generalised to wider society.
Theory- The logical thinking behind picking specific methods.
Data
Primary data- info collected by sociologists themselves for own purposes.
Secondary data- info has been collected or created by someone else for own purposes, so sociologist can use them.
Qualitative data- data given in written format, so that it's in more detail and is rich and in depth.
Quantitative data- numerical data given in the format of tables, graphs, etc.
Interviews
Structured interviews- interviews with a structured list of questions that the interviewer doesn't deviate from.
Unstructured interviews- interviews that are free flowing as questions are more open ended and can lead to whichever direction they wish to take it.
Group interview- Numerous people being interviewd at one time, usually sharing similar characteristics.
Observation
Observational studies- studies where researcher observes a situation and records what happens.
Participant observation- Where person observing actually becomes part of group of people they want to watch.
Non-participant observation- Researcher stands back from group and simply observes behaviour without getting involved.
Overt observation- participants are aware that they're being observed, may be a problem as they may change their behaviour.
Covert observation- Participants don't know they're being observed.