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FORENSICS (DEFINING AND MEASURING CRIME (WAYS OF MEASURING CRIME (official…
FORENSICS
DEFINING AND MEASURING CRIME
PROBLEMS IN DEFINING CRIME
CULTURAL ISSUES
what is considered a crime in one culture may not be in another culture
HISTORICAL ISSUES
definitions of crime change over time
WAYS OF MEASURING CRIME
official statistics: records of reported / recorded crimes published annually
underestimates 'dark figure' / different policing priorities distort figures
victim surveys: record experience of crime
likely to include unreported / unrecorded crime
offender surveys: offenders disclose details of crimes they have been involved in
insight into number of criminals responsible for certain crimes / may be over or under-representative
OFFENDER PROFILING
THE TOP-DOWN APPROACH
THE BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS
BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS OF OFFENDING
DEALING WITH OFFENDING BEHAVIOUR