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1 How HCI Interprets the Probes (cultural probes and their uptake (probe…
1 How HCI Interprets the Probes
abstract
cultural probes in HCI community
:check: clarify discussions around probes
:check: define and evaluate methods in HCI
introduction
HCI
beyond workplace and efficiency
within everyday life
cultural probe
:red_flag: methods emerge -> the umbrella term -> probes
:check: history
cultural probes have been initially developed by designer
for older people
:check: form
designed objects & physical packets containing open-ended & provocative and oblique tasks
left probes behind and wait for them to return fragmentary data over time
design responses -> design space
:check: problem
a adaptable & portable way to provoke ideas
a elusive poor substitutes when compared with ethnographic and other methods
:check: focus
the reason why probes have been taken up broadly
no matter food or ill, take the success of probes as symptomatic of deeper concerns within contemporary HCI
attempt to diagnose the underlying condition
:check: epistemological
probes are not simply “another technique” for getting data
probes are technique for framing an alternative account of knowledge production in HCI design
:check: argue
patterns of probes adoption are driven by a common desire to turn reflective, interpretive research methodologies into formal, packaged, and ideally objective methods
this drive substantially misconstrues the intention, merits, and nature of validity, not only of cultural probes, but of interpretive approaches to HCI research more generally, whether drawn from design, ethnography, or beyond
:check: next
describe the uptake of probes
a series of challenges
what probes and their adoption might tell us about HCI practive
cultural probes and their uptake
x probe
umbrella term -> probes
:check: contains
photo diaries
longitudinal user studies
field trip
:check: types
identity probes
urban probes
domestic probes
value probes
empathy probes
:check: new approaches
mobile probes
digital cultural probes
cognitive probes
x probes
:red_flag: highlight new approaches to carrying out probes and emphasize technology as a probing artifact
:red_flag: a novel technology to track how users respond to and engage with it over time
:red_flag: use for moving toward a single design application / opening up new design spaces
probe as packet
:check: methods
an open-ended series of postcards
a photo diary
three wishes exercise
evocative tasks
alternative forms of self expression
chain probe responses together
:check: types
lightweight - minimal adaption - broad and rapid data
heavyweight - industry & theories
probe as data collection
:red_flag: Amin at al.
explore non-verbal messaging with mobile phones
:red_flag: Kuiper-Hoyng
probe & interview -> user articulate aspects of home life and what were not reflected on
:red_flag: Gaye
a baseline of understanding users' environments
:check: ways
use probe as a supplement to understanding users needs, environments and technology use
probes is followed by interviews to interpret probe results
probe is following up on interviews to help conduct interviews and explore contextual inquiries
design-inspired probes & ethnographic methods & cultural probes -> can work together
validate
inter-rater reliability tests
from "inspiring signals" to "holistic understanding"
probes as participatory
argue
leave too much control in designers' hands
use probes precisely and let users control what to expose
consideration
enjoyable & playful
privacy & sensitivity & vulnerable populations
openness and experimental format -> non-task-focused parts of user experience
provocative & ambiguous & experimental
probes as sensibility
:red_flag: Vetere et al.
a form of data collect to develop design guidelines for tech to support intimacy
argue
probe data is incomplete, unclear, biased and based on researchers' experience
methods are changed dramatically and can't be recognized anymore
cite the probes
:red_flag: probe as a touchstone rather than center of the study
:red_flag: probe alongside other toolkit like longitudinal studies, contextual inquiry and ethnographic studies
:red_flag: define probe broadly, like user study, survey, questionnaire or interview
:red_flag: probe as the jumping point for developing different methods - as a point of inspiration in developing evaluation methods that move beyond the laboratory and tap into cultural influences
probe framework
common
:check: the material form of the probes
:check: the use to stimulate early design conversation with users
:check: the playfulness and experimental nature of the approach
less common
probes' provocative sensibility
adaption
:check: provide info to give clear guidance to the design process / to validate findings from other methods
:check: downplay provocative nature to not confuse or alienate participants
:check: provide types of responses considering open ended and evocative nature
five aspects with little attention
:red_flag: subversion of existing methods
cultural probes aim to subvert / undermine rather than supplement, traditional HCI methods
:red_cross: place researchers as experts
:red_cross: place researchers as servants
disrupt expectations
the experimental and subversive nature of probes is often lost
:red_flag: rich explanation of approach
no document about
:red_cross: how probes were introduced to participants
:red_cross: how designers move from probe results to eventual designs - leap between probe and design
:red_cross: both implementation and interpretation
:red_flag: uncertainty as an asset
uncertainty is an asset rather than a problem
:check: problem
following up interview
gathering or numeriacal analysis
cross validation of results
introduce analytical rigour into interpretative method
:check: asset
ascertain the correct interpretation & a more specific set of information
probe result analysis from inspiration to gathering information
a reversed funnel -> a broad collection of data to a small set of requirements to inform design
:red_flag: the stance of the designer
probe should be
:check: delightful
:check: engaging
:check: allowing for detached responses
:check: designed
:check: not condescending
:check: not intimidating
:check: not personally reflective
first introduction
a way for us to know you & a way for you to know us
reveal designers through
:check: the probe packets
:check: the design proposals
:check: speculative designs inspired by the probe results
shouldn't downplay the subjective, personal nature of probes and their interpretation in design
:check: not shift cultural probes from a conversation to a impersonal analysis
:red_flag: exploration through sketchig
:check: contrast with existing literature on probes
:check: probe response lead to intermediary step (exploration & sketching) rather than final system design
:check: interpreted probe returns speculative and impractical and undesirable designs
:check: purpose is to advance the conversation between designer and participants
underlying tensions in HCI
two tensions
:question: how to handle issues around interpretations
:question: how to configure the relationship between methods and methodology