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Training Methods (Types of On-the-job Training Methods (Job Instruction…
Training Methods
Types of Training Methods
On-the-job Training
Usually used in situations when there is shortage of workers
Trainee receives 1-1 instruction
Training conducted at trainee's workplace
Benefits
: Enhanced transfer of learning since learning environment same as performance environment. Reduced training costs as no training facilities needed.
Off-the-job Training
Training conducted away from trainee's workplace
Consists of experiential & non-experiential methods
Usually costs more
Benefits
: Trains large number of people & wide range of learning methods.
Types of On-the-job Training Methods
Job Rotation
: The practice of shifting workers through a set of jobs periodically to help the worker be experienced with other job backgrounds.
Coaching
: Focuses on examining employee performance and taking actions to correct performance.
Job Instruction Training
Step 2: Present the task
Step 3: Practice
Step 1: Prepare the worker
Step 4: Follow-up
Mentoring
: Pairing of a senior and junior employee for the purpose of giving support, helping employee to learn the ropes and preparing them for increasing responsibility.
Job Shadowing
: Employee simply observes a more senior employee while they are at work.
Internship
: Intern or assistant recruited to perform a specific time-bound job or project during the education process.
Apprenticeship
: Usually for workers whose job scope require longer periods of learning before gaining the proficiency in their respectives jobs.
Types of Off-the-job Training Methods
Non-Experiential: Transfer of information
Discussion method
: 2-way communication between trainer and trainees. Initiate discussion through direct/reflective/open-ended questions.
Audiovisual media
: Illustration of training material.
Dynamic media
Telecommunications
Static media
Teleconferencing
Lecture Approach
: Oral presentation of information by an expert to a group of listeners.
E-learning
: Online instruction using technology-based methods.
Experiential: Learning by doing
Case study
: Hones analytical & problem-solving skills by presenting a story about people in a specific situation facing a problem.
Business games
: Similar to case study, but focuses primarily on business management decisions.
In-basket exercise
: Assess trainee's ability to establish priorities, plan, gather relevant information and make decisions.
Role-playing
: Trainees are presented with an organisational situation, assigned a role with other trainees. Allows for self-discovery and practice interpersonal skills.
Behaviour modelling
: Trainees observe model performing a target behaviour correctly, discuss key components of behaviour and practice target behaviour.
Simulation
: Trainees learn the operation of machines & equipment digitally designed to look similar to those on the actual workfloor.
Vestibule training
: Trainees learn the operation of machines & equipment that closely resembles those on the actual workfloor.
Outdoor education
: Also called wilderness adventure programme, include work teams involved in outdoor games that encourages group problem solving and team building.