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Situational strength (Meyer et al., 2010) (For theoretical understanding…

- - - - Mischel’s work led to an important shift in social scientists’ thinking about the behavioral expression of personality. But, as some have recently argued, situational strength is too often viewed as an intuitively appealing truism as opposed to a theoretical construct in need of conceptual development and empirical verification (Cooper & Withey, 2009). Although we generally agree with this critique, it is also important to trace the development of situational strength subsequent to the ideas outlined by Mischel.
- - - - More recently, R. J. Schneider and Hough (1995) argued that norms, roles, expectations of others, social relationships, the nature of tasks, and physical characteristics of the job all affect situational strength, although little information was provided about precisely which characteristics of these broad categories are relevant to situational strength.
        
        Similarly, Tett and Burnett’s (2003) view of situational strength as a necessary, albeit not sufficient, force to consider in personality-outcome relationships is useful and interesting, but would also benefit from a more comprehensive conceptualization.
        
        Finally, situational strength has been used as a means to understand diverse cross-level interactions. Given that many contemporary organizational science questions are inherently multilevel in nature, the current article also outlines ideas for the continued development of situational strength as a multilevel phenomenon.