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Flood defences (Dams (Hard) (Advantages (Clean water from reservoir,…
Flood defences
Dams (Hard)
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Disadvantages
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Holds back sediment and nutrients - farmlands are deprived of essential nutrients - reduced their fertility
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If water in reservoir contains diseases, lots of people affected
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Reservoirs (Hard)
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Advantages
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Recreational possibilities, and supply of fresh drinking water
Disadvantages
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Animals are forced to migrate, as their habitats are destroyed
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Water quality can decrease, as no way to get rid of waste
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Channelisation (Hard)
Widens and deepens the river to increase water capacity, as well as reinforcing it with concrete, which straightens the river
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Floodplain zoning (soft)
People aren't allowed to build on floodplains - the closer to the river, the more restrictions on what can be built, but also cheaper closer
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Washlands (soft)
The land next to the river is used as a temporary storage for water during a flood - water then drains back into river
Advantages
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New habitats for plants, animals and insects
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Disadvantages
Not effective in developing countries as they need to use all available land for generating economy or developing infrastructure
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