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:star: Factors Influencing Intensity of Food Production and Supply :star:
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Factors Influencing Intensity of Food Production and Supply
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PHYSICAL
Climate:
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Temperature
Extreme temperatures cause diseases or even death in poultry and cattle
Greenhouses may be used to create optimal conditions (i.e. light, temperatures, irrigation) for plant growth. E.g. in Canada, to overcome otherwise short growing seasons
Temperatures affect different rates of photosynthesis and seed germination: it is often difficult for crops to grow below 5 degrees Celcius. E.g. Crops rarely grow during winter
Rainfall
Amount of rainfall required for growth varies among different crop types
E.g. Corn requires more water than soya beans
Generally, high temperatures and high rainfall are more conducive for crop growth
Soils & drainage
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Soil is the top layer of the Earth's surface, made up of rocks, organic matter and minerals. E.g. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
Soil drainage is the ability of the soil to RETAIN or DRAIN off water: improper soil drainage may cause poor crop growth
Rice grows better in clay than sandy soils.
Relief
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Gradient: When relief is steep, rain is likely to wash topsoil of nutrients away. When saturated, the topsoil becomes less stable and gets washed downslope. Sloping land is suitable for crops that grow in well-drained soil e.g. grapes, tea, coffee
E.g. Cameron Highlands - has tea plantations due to terracing, to make use of the slopes. And strawberries can grow all year round due to the cooler temperatures at higher altitudes.
Remember that temperature changes as altitude changes. The higher the altitude, temperature decreases. Cooler temperatures are suitable for growing cool climate crops e.g. strawberries
Relief is the slope and altitude of a land surface. Previously unsuitable (steep) slopes can now be modified to create flat land surface for farming via terracing. E.g. in Sapa, Vietnam.
ECONOMIC
Purpose of farming: subsistence vs commercial farming
Demand and capital
Agribusiness
POLITICAL
Government Policy
Food Policy
Agricultural Policy
ASEAN
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU)
TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT
Green Revolution
Fertilisers
Pesticides
High-yielding varieties (HYVs)
Improved irrigation
Mechanisation