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Continuous Improvement (4. Total Quality Management and Other Quality…

- - - - ensuring employee involvement and empowerment
      - focusing on customer
      - sustaining continuous improvement
- - - - external failure costs (most expensive)
        
        involve: warranty costs, reverse supply chain costs, product recall costs, lost customers, field service cost, etc.
      - internal failure costs
        
        involve: rework, scrap, downgrades, rein spection, retesting, process losses
  - - - appraisal costs
        
        involves: cost for inspection, calibration equipment, product testing, quality audits.
      - prevention costs
        
        involves: education, quality training, supplier certification, preventive maintenance, quality planning, statistical process control, etc.
  - - - management champions
      - performance measurement
      - involvement and empowerment
      - focus on customer