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The Circulatory System (What is the Circulatory System? (Circulates blood…
The Circulatory System
What is the Circulatory System?
Circulates blood in two parts
Blood is pumped from the heart to all the cells in the body before returning to the heart
Blood from all parts of the body is pumped from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
Transports oxygen, digested food, nutrients and water to all parts of our body
Transports waste materials away from different parts of the body
Organs of the Circulatory System
Heart
A four- chambered muscular organ that pumps blood all the time around the body
The faster the heart beats, the higher the pulse rate
Blood Vessels
A network of tubes which carry blood around the body
Some carry blood from our heart to all parts of our body while others carry blood from other parts of our body back to the heart
Types Of Blood Vessels
Arteries
Carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to all parts of the body
Capillaries
Help to exchange materials with the cells of the body
Oxygen, water and digested food pass from the blood, through the capillary walls and into the cells
Carbon dioxide and waste materials produced by the cells pass through the capillary walls and into the blood
Veins
Most veins carry oxygen- poor blood from all parts of the body to the heart
Blood
Flows through the blood vessels and transports digested food, oxygen and water to the cells of different parts of the body
Flows through the blood vessels and transports carbon dioxide and other waste materials away from the cells of different parts of the body to the organs that get rid of waste materials (e.g. Lungs, kidneys and skin)
Contains water and the following three components
Red blood cells which carry oxygen
White blood cells which protect us from germs
Platelets which help blood to clot when an injury occurs
How do the organs in the Circulatory System work together?
The heart pumps oxygen- rich blood to all parts of the body, then the blood also carries digested food and water from the digestive system to all parts of the body. The arteries branch out into fine capillaries in which the digested food, oxygen and water pass through the thin walls of the capillaries into the cells of the body. The cells use these to produce energy and in the process, carbon dioxide and other waste material are also produced. Carbon dioxide and waste materials pass from the cells of the body into the capillaries and the capillaries merge to from veins. The veins transport waste materials to the organs that can remove them from the body, such as the kidneys and carbon dioxide rich blood is returned to the heart and sent to the lungs.
Blood rich in oxygen flows from the lungs to the heart and then to the upper and lower parts of the body. Blood poor in oxygen flows from the upper and lower parts of the body to the heart and then to the lungs.
How do the other organ systems work together with the Circulatory System?
Digestive System
Provides the heart and other organs in the Circulatory System with nutrients so that the heart can keep beating
Muscular System
Heart muscles pump blood continuously to all parts of the body
Smooth muscles located in veins and arteries push blood through them with each heartbeat
Respiratory System
Provides oxygen for the organs. Oxygen is carried by red blood cells to all parts of the body.
Removes carbon dioxide and water (from respiration) that the heart cells produce
Differences between the Transport Systems in Animals & Plants
Plants
Function: Transports materials through the body of the plant and supports the plant.
Transports water and mineral salts from roots, food from leaves
Liquid that flows in transport system: Sap
Two tubes through which liquid flows: Water- carrying tube (Xylem) & Food- carrying tube (Phloem)
No organ pumps liquid (sap) through the tubes
Animals
Function: Transports materials through the body of the animal
Transports oxygen, digested food, water, carbon dioxide and waste materials
Liquid that flows in Circulatory System: Blood
Three tube sites through which blood flows: Arteries, Veins & Capillaries
The heart is the organ that pumps liquid (water) through the tubes