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Case Study Three (Bipolar and Heart Disease) (Medications (Beta-Blocker…
Case Study Three (Bipolar and Heart Disease)
Bipolar
A disorder associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs
Symptoms
Moodswings
Depressed & Manic
Irritability
Risk taking behaviours
Hyperactivity
Self-ham
Excess desire for sex
Weight gain/loss
Less sleep/more sleep
Causes
It is said to be an underlying problem with specific brain circuits and the functioning of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters
These brain chemicals are:
Serotonin
Dopamine
Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine
Coronary Artery Disease
Damage or disease in the heart major blood vessels
Symptoms
Chest pain
Light-headedness
Shortness of breath
Fast heart rate
Sweating
Cause
A build up of plaque which causes the coronary arteries to narrow, limiting blood flow to the heart
Angina
A type of chest pain caused by the reduced blood flow to the heart (symptom of coronary heart disease)
Symptoms
Dizziness
Heart burn
Anxiety
Pain in chest, jaw or neck
Inability to exercise
Myocardial Infarction (heart attack)
NSTEMI
Cause
This is caused due to a partial blockage of the coronary blood flow
STEMI
Cause
This is caused due to a complete blockage of the coronary blood flow
Symptoms
Chest pain/discomfort
Pain in left arm
Dizziness
Cold sweat
Clammy skin
Nausea/Vomiting
Medications
Beta-Blocker
Used to treat conditions such a high blood pressure, abnormal heart rhythms and anxiety. It works by blocking the effects of the hormone known as adrenaline
Statins
Used to lower cholesterol and to prevent atherosclerosis or heart disease. It works by reducing the livers production of cholesterol by blocking an enzyme call HMG CoA Reductase that the liver uses to make cholesterol
GTN
Used to treat angina. It does this by relaxing the blood vessels in the body and reduces the strain on the heart.
ACE inhibitor
ACE inhibitors work to lower blood pressure and to make it easier for your heart to pump. It does this by blocking the chemical angiotensin-converting enzyme. It helps relax the blood vessels and helps to reduced the amount of water re-absorbed by the kidneys
Fonafale Model
The Roof: Culture
Represents thee cultural values and beliefs that are the shelter for life
The foundation: Family
Family is the foundation for all Pacific Island cultures
The Pou (four posts)
Spiritual
Relates to the sense of wellbeing which stems from a belief system (Christian)
Physical
Relates to biological or physical wellbeing. It is the relationship of the body to physical or organic substances (food, water, air, medications)
Mental
Relates to the health of the mind
Other
Relates to variables such as sexual orientation, gender, social class.
Cocoon
Environment
Adresses relationships and the uniqueness of Pacific people and thier environment
Time
Relates to the actual of specific time in history that impacts on Pacific people
Context
Relates to what/how/what and that meaning that has
Rheumatic Fever
A disease that can result in inadequate treatment of strep throat or scarlet fever
Symptoms
Pain in joints
Fever
Fast heart rate
Joint inflammation
Rash