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1a.1 How can diseases be classified? (Zoonotic Diseases (Disease Vector,…
1a.1
How can diseases be classified?
Infectious/ non-infectious diseases
Disease spread by pathogens
Bacteria
Fungi
Paracites
Viruses
Non-infectious: diseases which are not spread from host to host and are caused by external factors.
Asthma
Contagious/ non-contagious diseases
Class of infectious disease that are easily spread by direct or indirect contact between people
Include bacterial and
viral
diseases.
Bronchitis
Ecoli
Cholera
Flu
Non-contagious: Diseases which are not easily spread
Cancer
Communicable/ non-communicable diseases
Infectious disease which spread easily from host to host.
Gonorrhea
STIs
Non-communicable: Diseases which are not passed from person to person; they are chronic diseases with a long duration and slow progression
Asthma
Non-Communicable Disease: Degenerative Disease
Currently
60%
of deaths worldwide are due to degenerative diseases.
Arthritis
Dementia
CVD
Cancer
Non-Communicable Disease: Lifestyle Disease
Sedentary lifestyle
Zoonotic Diseases
Infectious diseases which are transmitted from animals to humans
Transmission is common, one estimate suggests that around
60%
of infectious diseases are spread from animals.
Rabies
Swine Flu - H1N1
Disease Vector
A person, animal or plant that is a carrier of an infectious disease but is not affected by it.
Mosquito :arrow_right: Malaria
Badger :arrow_right: TB
Types of transmission
Direct Transmission
Actual contact
Skin to skin
Bodily fluids
Vertical transmission - mother to child.
Physical objects that can carry disease.
Utensils
Short distance (<~1m)
Droplets from sneezing
Air-borne
Aerosol
Indirect Transmission
Vehicle
Food - Ecoli
Water - Cholera
Vector
Endemic Diseases
Exist permanently in a geographical area or population group
Epidemic Diseases
An outbreak of a disease that infects many people at the same time and spreads through a population in a restricted geographical location.
Pandemic Diseases
An epidemic that has spread worldwide affecting a large number of people.