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THE RENAISSANCE ((((((((((RAPHAEL (Raphael was a great sculptor and…
THE RENAISSANCE
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LEONARDO DA VINCI
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The Renaissance was worldly, rational, and humanistic, and the figures strived for the
realism
and form of the actual men that lived and breathed around them - thus, their forms were
accurate
,
detailed
, and
symmetric
,all elements in their
Anatomy
The minds behind the Renaissance preached the
worldly reason
of Humanism and the
faithful separation
of religion in Secularism, transforming what were once people in godly form into deities in humanoid shape, sculpted and painted
Gods in the form of men
Their skills - the
Classical techniques
of the
greco-roman
artists
The Renaissance strived for realism not only in figures but in
background
and locale too, and for that they used
Perspective
, which made two-dimensional paintings look
three-dimensional
through central points of perspective and parallel lines.
The leading thought of the age was
Humanism
, which brought an
anthropocentric
view of not only the world, with man finding knowledge to make the world his, but the divine, with the deities and faith now being
in the image of man
, and not the contrary
The
Renaissance Man
was the apex of
human development
, not only physically but mentally, through artistic, philosophical, and scientific thought, while the
Renaissance Woman
was also supposed to be advanced, but mainly to serve as a
muse
Most of the written knowledge and presented works of earlier periods were written in Latin by the Church, but the men behind the Renaissance adopted the
Vernacular
, the term for the
everyday languages
of the many people in the regions of Europe
The divine, ideal world of the Church's belief was depleted and dropped from its dramatic, distorted figures to ones that resembled the
person's form and identity
, the mark of humanity, represented in the
Realism
of shapes and creatures
The Renaissance drew its inspiration from the schools of thought belonging to
Ancient Greece
and the last abode of European knowledge, the
Roman Empire
, and thus its ideas and imagery were drawn from it, resulting in a
Greco-Roman Revival
With the frailty of the Papalcy and the Church in both power and reputation, the Renaissance brought forth
Secularism
, the separation of power between religion and state, which did not abandon religion, but greatly benefited ambitious
monarchs
Papalcy
was weakened by corruption and the Crusades, allowing for people to
question
the Church and its ideas
Trade
increased, and so did ideas, cultivating cities and a strong, rich
urban
merchant class
, joined by
bankers
Feudalism
withers, making way for a rise in nations and cities, strengthening
monarchs
and
merchants
Plague
reduced the population, allowing the survivors to take up stable jobs, and thus gain
free time
for learning
100 Years War
led to the solidification of
nation-states
, bringing a sense of
national unity
that overruled serfdom
NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
VALUES
The Northern Renaissance values were related to the church
people see how the church was corrupt, selling indulgences, selling places in church to people that were close to them, etc...
CONSEQUENCES
One consequence of the corruption within the church was the reform that happened when several people such as Martin Luther and John Calvin, made harsh critiques of the church and due to that they started losing their power
Because the church was losing power they decided to make a counter-reform that was the church reforming its basis they stopped with the corruption kicking out of church those who where corrupt and returned with their original principles
IMPORTANT PEOPLE
MARTIN LUTHER
Was a Protestant priest; he criticized the church and preached his ideas through his teachings in college. Martin Luther founded the Lutheran church
JOHANN GUTENBERG
created the printing press
JOHN CALVIN
John Calvin was a pastor who was against church corruption; he wrote several critiques against church. Founded Calvinism
SHAKESPEARE
Was a famous writer that created several plays and also new words
MIGUEL DE CERVANTES
Miguel de Cervantes wrote Don Quixote, the leading modern romance, and defined satire for all time
CAUSES
VALUES
TECHNIQUE AND ARTISTS