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States of Matter (Changing states (When a substance changes state: (the…
States of Matter
Changing states
When a substance changes state:
the
arrangement
of particles
change
the
movement
of particles
change
the
particles
themselves stay the
same
Melting point
melt and freeze at one specific temperature
Boiling point
boil and condense at one specific temperature
pure substances
Amount of energy required for a substance to change state
depends on the amount of energy required to overcome the strong forces of attraction between the particles
The stronger the forces of attraction:
the greater amount of energy needed to overcome them
the higher the melting and boiling point will be
In substances that contain
simple molecules:
the bonds within the molecules are strong covalent bonds
only a little energy is needed to overcome the bonds
melting and boiling point are relatively low
the forces of attraction between the molecules are much weaker
States of matter
Liquid
Close together
Random arrangement
Flow around each other
Gas
Random arrangement
Much further apart
Move very quickly in all directions
Solid
very close together
Regular arrangement
Vibrate about fixed positions
Bonding, Structure and Properties of Matter
