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CHAPTER 7: UNDERSTANDING INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION (COMMUNICATION…
CHAPTER 7: UNDERSTANDING INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
What Makes Communication Interpersonal ?
interpersonal communication:
Two-way interactions between people who are part of a close and irreplaceable relationship in which they treat each other as unique individuals.
Mediated Interpersonal Communication
Why people use communication technology
mediated communication can feel nonthreatning
online communication can be validating
mediated channels enable communication that would not happen otherwise
electronic communication often has a pause option
Drawbacks of Online Communication
phubbing:
A mixture of the words
phone
and
snubbing
, used to describe episodes in which people pay more attention to their devices than they do to the around them
HOW WE CHOOSE RELATIONAL PARTNERS
Evaluating Relationship Potential
The person likes and appreciates me
I admire the person's abilities
We balance each other out
The person opens up to me
We have a lot in common
I see the person frequently
The person is physical attractive
The relationship is rewarding -
social exchange theory:
The idea that we seek out people who can give us rewards that are greater than or equal to the costs we encounter in dealing with them
Relationship Reality Check
Our priorities change
Perfection can be a turn-off
First impressions can mislead
it's not all about communication, but it's a lot about communication
TYPES OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Family Relationships
parents and children
siblings
family
: A collection of people who share affection and resources and who think of themselves and present themselves as a famlily
grandparents and grandchildren
Romantic Partners
male and female intimacy styles
intimacy
: A state of closeness between two (or sometimes more) people. Intimacy can be manifested in several ways: physically, intellectually, emotionally, and via shared activities
love language
acts of service
gifts
quality time
physical touch
affirming words
stage of romantic relationships
bonding
differentiating
intergrating
circumscribing
intensifying
stagnating
experimenting
avoiding
initiating
terminating
developmental models
(of relational maintenance) Theoretical frameworks based on the idea that communication patterns are different in various stages of interpersonal relationships
Friendship
types of friendships
doing-oriented versus being-oriented
low obligation versus high obligation
low disclosure versus high disclosure
frequent contact versus occasional contact
short-term versus long-term
same sex versus other sex
youthful versus mature
in-person versus mediated
COMMUNICATION PATTERNS IN RELATIONSHIPS
Self-Disclosure in Interpersonal Relationships
models of self-díclosure
social penetration model
2 dimensions
breadth
: The range of topics about which an individual discloses
depth
: The level of personal information a person reveals on a particular topic
define
: A theory that describes how intimacy can be achieved via the breadth and depth of self-disclosure
the Johari Window
: A model that describes the relationship between self-disclosure and self-awareness
characteristics of effective self-disclosure
Is the disclosure relevant to the situation at hand?
Is the disclosure reciprocated?
Is the risk of disclosing reasonable?
Will the effect be constructive?
Is the disclosure appropriate?
Is the self-disclosure clear and understandable?
Is the other person important to you?
self-disclosure
: The process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and that would not normally be known by others
Dialectical Perspective of Interpersonal Relationships
Predictability versus Novelty
Strategies for Managing Dialectical Tensions
Openness versus Privacy
dialectical model
: The perspective that people in virtually all interpersonal relationships must deal with equally important, stimultaneous, and opposing forces such as connection and autonomy, predictability and novelty, and openness versus privacy
Metacommunication
define
: Messages (usually relational) that refer to other messages; communication about commnuication
Lies and Evasions
evasions
self-serving lies
altruistic lies
: Deception intended to be unmalicious, or even helpful, to the person to whom it is told
Content and Relational Messages
affinity
: The degree to which people like or appreciate one another. As with all relational messages, affinity is usually expressed nonverbally
respect
: The degree to which we hold others in esteem
relational message
: A message that expresses the social relationship between two or more individuals
immediacy
: The degree of interest and attraction we feel toward and communicate to others. As with all relational messages, immediacy is usually expressed nonverbally
content message
: A message that communicates information about the subject being discussed
control
: The social need to influence others