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Tree Hydraulics - by ThaiseEmilio (thaise.emilio@gmail.com) (What to…

- - - - watch out for
        
        open-vessel artifact
      - metrics
        
        P50 most common used index of embolism resistance (Choat et al 2012) because represent the steepest part of the vulnerability curve where small changes in xylem tension results in large changes of conductivity
      - methods
        
        gravity
        
        optical
        
        pneumatic
        
        micro-CT
        
        centrifuge
- - - - Determines the maximum demand possible
    - - Depends on
        
        Size of conduit
        
        Thickness of pit membrane
      - Function as
        
        cohesion tension theory
        
        Ohw analogy
        
        pipe model
    - - Flow is determined by the gas phase
  - - - Reduces conductivity
      - Controls water demand
      - Photosyntetic limitation
      - water is in a metastable state
        
        small gas bubbles can spread between inter-conduit pits (Tyree et al 1994)
      - Transport limited until vessels are refiled or replaced (Hacke & Sperry 2001)
    - - "isohydric trap"
    - - Weak correlations (r2<0.086)
        Many species had low efficiency and low safety
      - efficiency: rate of water transport through a given area ans length of sapwood, across a given pressure gradient
      - safety: xylem water potential at whithin a meaningful percentage of water potential is lost