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Additive Manufacturing (Dry Process (Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) (The…
Additive Manufacturing
Dry Process
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)
The commonly known “3D printer” uses FDM technology.
Filament
PLA (Polyactic Acid)
Non-toxic
Easy-to-print with minimum warping or curling
ABS
Can withstand higher heat
Tougher than PLA
But, prone to warping
Need of Support
Feature overhung more than 45 degrees will need “support”
Bridge
Support will be added when there is vertical hole, and may be difficult to remove if the hole is small
Polyjet Printer
Polyject printer combines the technology of FDM with liquid photopolymer.
Is similar to a standard Inkjet printer
Instead of extruding melted filament, it deposit liquid plastic.
It allows multiple material to be printed at each layer.
Materials
Thermoplastic, photo-sensitive polymer
Wax that acts as support material
Advantage
Better surface finish
No concern of overhanging feature as support material can be easily removed in warm water
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
A process which uses laser selectively to trace the surface of powder and sinters the material together.
Computer/control
1)PC with WINDOW OS 2)Prepares the .STL Files 3)Slices the parts 4)Monitors and controls the entire building process
Process chamber
1)Optics and scanning mirrors are used to focus a CO2 laser beam onto the part cylinder 2)Layer of powder material is sintered 3)Layer of powder material is supplied to the part cylinder by two powder cartridges
Atmosphere Control
1) Houses the equipment to filter gas recirculated from the process chamber 2)Maintains a set temperature on the air flowing into the process chamber 3)Regulates the nitrogen atmosphere used in the unit
Wet Process
Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA)
Consists of
Laser source
Laser Beam
Resin Surface
Platform
Photopolymer Resin
Vat
Elevator
Parts are built on a build platform. The build platform is lowered subsequenty into the vat and the part is built layer by layer.
A laser generates a UV beam that solidifies focused surface areas of the Photopolymer
The laser beam traces a cross section of the part pattern on the surface of the liquid resin
Servomotors, controlled by the machine control unit, drive a set of mirrors that reflect the laser beam to the surface of polymer material
This is a recoater system that spreads high viscosity resin. A resin-filled blade sweeps across the cross section of the part, re-coating it with fresh material.