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Modernism in America (the 20th century) (Social background (booming…
Modernism in America (the 20th century)
Social background
booming industry and material prosperity in contrast with a sense of unease and restlessness underneath;
a decline in moral standard described as a spiritual poverty
the impact of warfeelings of fear, loss, disorientation and disillusionment
the Lost Generation
a period of spiritual crisis
the expatriate movement; young people volunteered to “take part in the war to end wars only to find that modern warfare was not glorious or heroic
the feeling of gloom and despair and cutoff; the sense of doom, dislocation and fragmentation;
Imagist Movement
simplicity, clarity of expression, and precision through the use of exacting visual images
Ezra Pound
was an expatriate American poet and critic
Ripostes, In a Station of the Metro, the Cantos
the Great Depression
(1929-1939)
a severe worldwide economic depression begining in the US
the Great Depression may be said to have begun with a catastrophic collapse of stock-market prices on the New York Stock Exchange
the Beat Movement
the impact of WWII, the cold war, the Korean war
Vietnam war, the assassination of Kennedy and of Martin Luther King
life as a big joke or an absurdity; the more disintegrating and fragmentary world
more estranged and despondent people
Jack Kerouac
(1922 –1969)
a pioneer of the Beat Generation
He was an American novelist and poet of French-Canadian descent.
a literary iconoclast
his method of spontaneous prose.
Thematically, his work covers topics such as Catholic spirituality, jazz, promiscuity, Buddhism, drugs, poverty, and travel.
The Town and the City, On the Road, Doctor Sax,
Irwin Allen Ginsberg
opposed militarism, economic materialism and sexual repression and was known as embodying various aspects of this counterculture, such as his views on drugs, hostility to bureaucracy and openness to Eastern religions.
best known for his poem
"Howl"
, in which he denounced what he saw as the destructive forces of capitalism and conformity in the United States.
Sylvia plath
an American poet, novelist, and short-story writer.
Plath is credited with advancing the genre of confessional poetry and is best known for two of her published collections,
**The Colossus and Other Poems
and
Ariel**
, and
The Bell Jar
, a semi-autobiographical novel published shortly before her death.
T.S. Eliot
an essayist, publisher, playwright, literary and social critic, and "one of the twentieth century's major poets".
Eliot attracted widespread attention for his poem
"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"
(1915), which was seen as a masterpiece of the Modernist movement.
It was followed by some of the best-known poems in the English language, including
The Waste Land
(1922),
"The Hollow Men
" (1925)
He was also known for his seven plays, particularly
Murder in the Cathedral
(1935) and
The Cocktail Party
(1949).
Anne Sexton
an American poet, known for her highly personal, confessional verse.
• She won the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1967 for her
**
book
Live or Die.
• Her poetry details her long battle with depression, suicidal tendencies, and various intimate details from her private life, including her relationships with her husband and children.