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Geography Terms (Territorial Morphology- the study of shapes of…

- - - - Contiguous Zone- 24 miles off the territorial waters State has limited control the coastal guard still has authority .
      - Exclusive economic zone- 200 miles of the coastal state the state has controls over all of this zones economic resources
      - Territorial Waters - The coastal states have complete sovereignty up to 12 miles from there shore
      - International Waters- Outside of the Exclusive economic zone this water and resources belong to everyone.
      - Median-Line principle- If there is less the 200 miles between the countries they have to split down the middle.
  - - - Orographic effect- Windward side= cool moist Leeward side=warm dry
      - Close to large body's of water- Water moderates the temp cooler summers warmer winters
      - Elevation- Cools 3 degrees every 1000 feet
      - Latitude-As latitude increases the average annual temp decreases.
      - Ocean Currents- Warm currents warm climates cold currents cold climates
- - - - GDP- (Gross Domestic Product)-The total value of every good and service produced in a location over the period of one year. Measure= Consumer spending + Business spending+ Government spending+ export-imports.
        
        GDP per capita is a country's gross domestic product divided by its total population.
        
        Human developmental index measures income, life expectancy and education level. The closer a country is to 1 the more developed the closer to 0 less developed
        
        Geographic causes of inequality- Geography such as enclosed states or deserts or bad rivers that make transportation and communication hard make it so that country's develop slower and are then unequal to the rest of the world.
        
        Dependency ratio- The dependent people 1-15 and 64-up. Divided by the people in between. The seniors and young children are dependent on the working class. This is how you calculate it.
- - - - Life
        
        Birth Rate- the number of live births per year.
        
        Death Rate- How many people die per year.
        
        Life expectancy- The average age that people are expected to live in a n area.
        
        Rate of natural increase- The birth rate subtracted by the death rate and it shows the change in population.
        
        Fertility Rate- The average number of children per woman
        
        Infant Mortality Rate- Number of children that die per 1000 annual live births ( under 1 year of age)
      - Demographic transition model-A graph that represents population change over time.
        
        Stage 2 : Birth rate high, Death rate rapidly decreases Rapid increase in population. Improve medical care water supply and sanitation.
        
        Stage 3 : Birth Rate is falling Death rate is falling less rapidly Improved care and diet Fewer children needed.
        
        Stage 1 : High birthrate High death rate. Many children needed for farming. many children die at an early age. Stable increase in population
      - Glibalization-Business and factories open on a international scale
        
        Pros- Broadens people access to goods and cervices. Lifts people out of poverty. Increase in cultural awareness. Could stop labor exploitation.
        
        Cons- Global warming more addition of greenhouse gasses. Jobs transfers to low cost areas.
- - - - Population Periods- A graph showing all of the people and there age that live in a certain Courtney Slow means the population is slowly increasing or decreasing Negative means its going down