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1.2.2 (Linker, Loaders and Libraries (Loaders (Programs that load code…

- - - - General Maintenance - software used to make sue that the computer runs smoothly when not infected
        
        Examples would be - disk defrag, compression software, file managers, file backup
      - Security Software- software used to protect the computer from malware
        
        Examples would be - anti-virus, firewalls,
- - - - Is often well finished and more secure than open source software but lacks the large group of developer who follow the project
  - - - Appears less finished than closed software but can effectively have 1000s of developers. It is often said to be less secure and is subject to altering to introduce malicious code
- - - - Assembly code is processor specific so ADD NUM1 can mean 1 thing on 1 PC and something else on another
    - - Translates high-level languages into machine code in one go and outputs any error messages afterwards
        
        Compilation Process
        
        Source code is converted to object code. Library code is linked and added to the object code in the linker to form intermediate code and translated by an interpreter into machine code. It can also be converted straight from the linker to machine code
        
        Stages of Compilation
        
        Stage 1 Lexical Analasys
        
        All white space is removed and the rest of the code is turned inot tokens (sections of code that are comprised of a single word, phrase or symbol) and a symbol table is created to represent each of these tokens
        
        Stage 2 Syntax Analysis
        
        Syntax of program is checked against the rules and an abstract syntax tree is created. If any code breaks the rules, errors are generated
        
        Stage 3 Code Generation
        
        The syntax tree is converted into object code
        
        Stage 4 Code Optimisation
        
        Code is optimised to run as fast as possible and redundant code is removed
    - - Translates high-level languages into machine code one line at a time and outputs error messages a they are encountered