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Geography (Demography (Demographic Transition Model (The DTM is used to…

- - - - Stage 1
        
        Stage 1 has high birth rates, high death rates, and a low population
        
        There are lots of death due to poor diet, hygiene, famine, and lack of medical reasorces. High birth rates due to lack of birth control, high infant mortality, and culture encouraging large families.
        
        Stage 1 countries are usually a subsistance economy
        
        Subsistence economies are economies where most people gather natural reasorces in order to provide for their families.
      - Stage 2
        
        Stage 2 has a high birthrate and a rapid decline in the death rate. This allows for a rise in population numbers
        
        The rapid decline in death is due to better diet, hygiene, famine, and more medical reasorces.
      - Stage 3
        
        Stage 3 has a rapid decline in birth rates and death rates still remain low. Population is still rising in stage 3 but it is starting to remain steady
        
        The rapid decline in birth rates is due to improved of birth control, low infant mortality, and less of a culture encouraging large families.
      - Stage 4
        
        Stage 4 has low birth rates, low death rates, and a steady population
      - The rate of natural Increase is the birth rate minus the death rate.
        
        This shows how much the population grows in a certain period of time
      - The birth rate is the number of births per 1,000 people in a certain population
      - The death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a certain population
  - - - 3 Types of Population Pyrimids
        
        Slow and Stable Growth Population Pyrimid
        
        Fat bottom with declining top.
        
        Developed Nation
        
        Negative or Declining Growth Population Pyrimid
        
        Small bottom with fat top
        
        More old people than young people
        
        Too Developed Population
        
        Rapid Growth Population Pyrimid
        
        Triangle Shaped
        
        Undeveloped Nation
      - Population pyramids also show us life expectancy
        
        Life Expectancy is the average period of time that a person will live.
- - - - Human Environment Interaction is how humans interact with their environment
    - - Movement is how people, goods, or ideas move to other areas.
    - - A place is an area defined by its unique physical and cultural characteristics.
    - - Region is an area with some similar characteristics throughout.
    - - The theme of location is about analyzing where something is and its effects that location has on human life. A location can be either absolute or relative.
        
        Absolute Location
        
        Absolute Location is the exact position on the global grid
        
        Absolute Location can be found with longitude and latitude
        
        Longitude
        
        The vertical lines that determine the absolute location
        
        The prime meridian is the 0 degree longitude line
        
        Latitiude
        
        The horizontal lines that determine the absolute location
        
        Relative Location
        
        The location based on other places around it
  - - - Physical Geography is the study of the earth's physical characteristics
    - - Human Geography is the study of how physical geography impacts humans
- - - - Primary Sector
        
        The primary sector is the mainly concerned with producing raw materials
      - Secondary Sector
        
        The secondary sector is mainly concerned with making things out of the raw materials from the primary sector
      - There is also a tertiary sector but countries develop it more after industrialization
        
        The tertiary sector is mainly concerned with distributing products
  - - - GDP per capital is the GDP divided by the country's population
        
        This is very useful for comparing countries' economies
- - - - Causes the windward side to be cool and moist and the leeward side to be warm and dry
    - - When elevation increases temperature decreases
    - - Water keeps the temperature more consistent.
    - - Warm Currents bring in warmer temperatures and cold currents bring in colder temperatures.
    - - As latitude increases the average annual temperature decreases.
- - - - 4 Zones
        
        Territorial Waters
        
        The territorial waters are the area 12 miles from a coastal country's shore. The country has sovereignty over this area
        
        Sovereignty is complete control over an area
        
        Contiguous Zone
        
        The contiguous zone is the area from 12 miles to 24 miles of a country's coast. The country has some control over the area but not complete control.
        
        Exclusive Economic Zone
        
        The exclusive economic zone is the area from 24 miles to 200 miles. Countries only have economic power in this zone
        
        International Waters
        
        Everyone owns this space!!!
      - If country's waters overlap then the median line principal is used
        
        The water that overlaps is split with a line that is equidistant from each country's coast
  - - - A country that is compact
    - - A fairly compact country but with a large extension
    - - A country with another country inside of it
    - - A long, thin country
    - - A country that is separated by a physical or human barrier
    - - A country that is surrounded by another country
    - - A part of a country that is separated from the larger part of the country
  - - - The reasons why people move to an area or leave an area are push and pull factors
      - The people leaving the area are called refugees. The refugees are looking for protection or asylum from the country that they move to
        
        Some of the refugees are fleeing because of ethnonationalism.
        
        Ethnonationalism is where one race/ethnicity is more favored than the other.