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Infection and response (Communicable disease (Pathogens: microorganisms…
Infection and response
Communicable disease
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Bacteria: very small living cells that can rapidly reproduce, they can make you feel ill by producing toxins that damage your cells and tissues
Viruses: are not cells, can reproduce rapidly , they live inside of your cells and replicate themselves to produce many copies. the cell will usually burst releasing all of the new viruses - this cell damage is what makes you feel ill
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Fungi: some are single-celled- others have a body made up of hyphae which can grow and penetrate human skin and the surface of plants
Viral diseases
Measles
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- most young children are vaccinated
- spread by sneezes and coughs
HIV
- initially causes flu-like illness
- attacks the body's immune cells
- AIDS occurs when the boy's immune system becomes so badly damaged that it can no longer deal with other infections of cancers
- spread by sexual contact or exchange in body fluids
Tobacco mosaic: a wide spread plant pathogen it gives a distinctive 'mosaic' pattern or discolouration - affects the growth of the plant due to lack of photosynthesis
Bacterial diseases
Salmonella
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in the UK, poultry are vaccinated
fever, cramps, vomitting, diarrhoea
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Human defence system
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Trachea and bronchi: secrete mucus to trap pathogens, lined with cilia, which waft the mucus up to the back of the throat where it can be swallowed
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White blood cells
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Antibody production: produced in order to look onto the invading cells so that they can be found and destroyed
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