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Blood and Circulation - Biology 1 (Gaseous Exchange (Bronchi divide to…
Blood and Circulation - Biology 1
Blood
Plasma - carry CO2 and waste
White blood cells
Protect the body from infection
Change shape to move and engulf microorganisms
Platelets
Collect at wounds for blood clotting
Red blood cells
Contains haemoglobin
No nucleus to increase its size
Small, disc shape for a large surface area
Blood vessels
Arteries
Blood from heart to organs
Thick walls made from muscle and elastic fibres
Veins
Blood from organs to heart
Thinner walls and valves to prevent backflow
Capillaries
Allow substances to pass in and out of cells
Allow substances to be produced by cells into the blood
Narrow, thin - walled blood vessels
The Heart
Double circulatory system
Chambers
Right ventricle
Pump blood to arteries
Right atrium
Receive blood from arteries
Left ventricle
Pump blood to arteries
Left atrium
Receive blood from arteries
Blood circulation
Atria contracts and forces blood into ventricles
Blood enters heart through arteries
Ventricl contracts and forces blood to heart
Valves ensure blood flows in correct direction
Natural resting heart rate is controlled by cells in the right atrium
Gaseous Exchange
Bronchi divide to from alveoli
Blood is taken back through pulmonary artery
Bronchi divides into two tubes called the bronchioles
Trachea divides into two tubes the bronchi
Air reaches the lungs through the trachea
Heart sends blood to lungs through the pulmonary artery
