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Principles of Evolution (Natural Selection (Definition (The process in…
Principles of Evolution
Natural Selection
Definition
The process in nature by which, according to Darwin's theory of evolution, only the organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and transmit their genetic characters in increasing numbers to succeeding generations while those less adapted tend to be eliminated.
Example
Early humans survived because of a certain hand shape that could either toss a spear or throw a rock the best.
Reference
(Oxford University, 2015)
Adaptation
Reference
(Cacioppo & Freberg, 2015, p. 93)
Example
How humans went from walking on all fours to walking up right, they evolved with evolution but had to adapt to their new environment. Building fires and making tools to hunt with is a sign of adapting to the environment
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Fitness
Reference
(Cacioppo & Freberg, 2015, p. 93)
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Example
The fittest genotype during a drought, for example, is probably not the fittest genotype once the drought is over.
Genetic drift
Reference
(Cacioppo & Freberg, 2015, p. 93)
Example
Huntington's disease is more common than usual among the Afrikaner population of South Africa, because a carrier of the disease was among the small number of Dutch immigrants who survived to reproduce
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Mutation
Reference
(Cacioppo & Freberg, 2015, p. 93)
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Migration
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Reference
(Cacioppo & Freberg, 2015, p. 93)
Exapmle
When people move from one place to another due to certain reasons such as natural disasters, and war.