health and disease and risk factors
communicable or non communicable diseases
1) communicable diseases are those that can spread from person to peron or between animals and people they can be caught by things like bacteria viruses parasites and fungi they are sometimes described as contagious or infectious disease measles and malaria are examples of communicable diseases
2) non communicable diseases are those that cannot spread between people ot between animals and people they generally last for a long time and get worst slowly asthma cancer and coronary heart disease are examples of non communicable diseases
diseases sometimes interact
2) some cancer can be triggered by infections be certain viruses infections with some types of hepatitis virus can cause long term infections in the liver where the virus lives in the cells
3)immune system reactions in the body caused by infection by a pathogen can sometimes trigger allergic reactions such as skin rashes or worst like asthma
1) people who have problems with their immune system have an increased chance of suffering from communicable diseases such as flu their body is less likely to be able to defend itself
4) mental health issues such as depression can be triggered when someone is suffering from severe physical health problems particularly if they have an impact on the persons ability to carry put everyday activities .
other factors
2) the stress you are under being constantly under lots of stress can lead to health issues
3) your life situation for example weather you have easy access to things that can prevent you from getting ill in the first place
1) where or not you have a good balanced diet that provides your body with everything it needs and in the right amounts a poor diet can affect your physical and mental health.
non communicable diseases
the human costs
the financial cost
2) people with them disease may have a lower quality of life or a shorter life span .
!) the human cost of non communicable diseases is obvious tens of millions of people died= from non communicable diseases a year
1) its also important to think about the financial cost too
2) the cost of the nhs of researching and treating theses diseases is huge and its the same for other health services and organisations around the world
3) families may have to move or adapt their home to help a family members with a disease which can be costly.
4) also if the family members with the disease have to give up work or dies the family's income will be reduced
5) a reduction in the number of people able to work can also affect a country's economy
risk factors increase your chance of getting a disease
3) they can also be the presence of a certain substance in the environment or substances in your body
2)risks factors are often aspect of a persons lifestyle
4) many non communicable diseases are caused by several different risk factors interacting with each other rather than one factor alone
1) risk factors are things that are linked to an increase in the likelihood that a person will develop a certain disease during their lifetime they don't guarantee that someone will get a disease
5) lifestyle factors can have different impacts locally nationally and globally nationally people from deprive areas are more likely to smoke have a poor diet and not exercise.
some risk factors can cause a diseases directly
smoking has been proven to directly cause cardiovascular disease lung disease and lung cancer is damaging the walls of arteries and the cells in the lining of the lungs
its thought that obesity can directly cause type 2 diabetes by making the body less sensitive or resistant t insulin meaning that it struggles to control the concentration of glucose in the blood
risks factors can be identifies using correlation
2) some risks factors arnt capable of directly causing a disease but are related to another risk factors that is
3) for example
1) risks factors are identified by scientists looking for correlations in data however correlation doesn't always equal cause
lack of exercise and high fat diet are heavily linked to an increased chance of cardiovascular disease but they cant cause the disease directly