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Nuclear Waste (Summary of nuclear waste (Whilst a number of facilities…
Nuclear Waste
Summary of nuclear waste
Nuclear waste in the UK is a legacy problem dating back to the 1940s: “a substantial legacy of solid radioactive waste is being stored, awaiting a decision on how best to manage it for many thousands of years while radioactivity falls to safe levels. Even if no new nuclear plants are built, around 500,000 tonnes of waste will arise over the next century as existing plants are shut down and cleaned up” (Beckett, 2003).
There are three classifications of nuclear waste:
- Low level waste - not suitable for ordinary waste but have low levels of radioactivity
- intermediate level waste - material that has been contaminated by radioactivity, but heat generation is not an issue
- High level waste - generates a lot of heat, has high levels of radioactivity, and is potentially very dangerous
Whilst a number of facilities exist for the safe disposal of LLW, there remains no long term management option in place for solid ILW and HLW. (Bickerstaff, 2012)
High activity wastes are currently being stored above ground at Sellafield until they can be safely disposed of. A Geological Disposal Facility (GDF) is a possible solution
From the 1940s-1970s, government was in a constant hurry to develop nuclear technology. this was in part driven by military imperatives, but was also the result of a need to escape from oil dependency. the strategic issue of nuclear waste disposal was given limited consideration. A shallow land burial site was opened in Drigg (near Sellafield) for LLW, but decisions on ILW and HLW were not made (Mackerron 2009)
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