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evaluation ((Probability evaluation: Pros and Cons, Although high internal…
evaluation
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Although high internal validity, external validity (i.e. Generalizability) may below - Stringencies of RCTs may result in situations artificially different from reality
Randomization might be politically or ethically difficult - E.g. large scale conditional cash transfers
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A combination of designs is recommended, especially where causal pathways are long and complex
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Attempts to ensure that there is only a small and known probability (p< X%) that the difference in Y between P&C is due to confounding, chance or bias
By random assignment of P&C, such that the differences between P&C are minimized
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Probability Evaluation (under RCT,
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Most useful to prove efficacy: What is the effect of biofortified orange fleshed sweet potato on vitamin A
status of children?
Pros and cons : Not possible to have a true control, Selection bias(women who choose to access the service might be different from those who dont), you cannot rule out alternative explanation for the observed differences, politically and practically easier
Through the use of a comparison group Control groups: Historical control group (similar to adequacy evaluation design) - internal control group (comparing different intensities of exposure) - External group
Sample size: what is the change you want to observe, who is being sampled, what is the sampling frame?
Non probability sample: mostly used in process evaluation eg programme manager, Key informants
Source of data, Household interviews
Write a protocol, data collection tools, pilot test, collect data, train data collectors, have data quality checks,
Monitoring indicators, evaluation objectives, evaluation design at least for one component, propose an RCT