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Components of thermoregulatory system (stimuli, receptor, control centre…

- - - - Effector / responses
        
        Physiological
        
        too cold (below 35.8ºc) - activate heat promoting centre
        
        hairs stand up (create warm barrier)
        
        Blood vessels constrict (blood vessels further from the surface to protect vital organs)
        
        Shivering (muscles contract to make heat),
        
        Thyroid gland produces hormones to increase metalbolic rate
        
        too hot (above 37.5ºc) - activate heat loss centre
        
        hairs lie flat (reducing insulating layer)
        
        Blood vessels dilate (closer to the air to cool)
        
        Sweat glands are activated (water evaporating to cool)
        
        Behavioural
        
        Clothes / Shoes on (if cold) or off (if hot)
        
        seeking sun (if cold) or shade (if hot)
- - - - Effector
- - - - EFFECTOR
        
        TOO MUCH SALT / SWEATING - water content of the blood is low
        
        brain produces more ADH
        
        high volume of water absorbed by kidney - urine output low (small volume of concentrated urine)
        
        TOO MUCH WATER - water content of the blood is high
        
        brain produces less ADH
        
        low volume of water reabsorbed by kidney - urine output high (large volume of dilute urine)
- - - - Effector
        
        change in breathing rate
        
        change in heart rate