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AQA A Level Applied Anatomy + Physiology (Cardiovascular system (Control…
AQA A Level Applied Anatomy + Physiology
Cardiovascular system
health
heart diesease
high blood pressure
cholestrol
stroke
fitness
cardiac output
HR
exercise
SV
maximal
submaximal
adaptations
Control of HR
anticipatory rise
adrenaline
redistribution of blood
vasodilation / vasoconstriction
arterioles
precapillary sphincters
Cardiac conduction
SA Node
AV Node
BOH
Purkinje fibres
sympathetic
parasympathetic
receptors
chemo
proprio
baro
Transportation of oxygen
haemoglobin
myoglobin
oxyhaemoglobin disassociation curve
Bohr shift
AVO2diff
Venous return
mechanisms
rest
Pocket valves
Gravity
suction action
exercise
Skeletal muscle pump
respiratory pump
starling's law
Increased VR
Increased diatole
Increased stretch
Increased force of contraction
Increased ejection fraction
Increased stroke volume
Respiratory System
Lung volumes
Gaseous exchange
regulation of pulmonary ventilation
sympathetic
parasympathetic
receptors
impact of poor lifestyle
smoking
Neuromuscular system
fibre types
Slow twitch
Fast twitich
Type IIa
Type IIx
nervous system
sympathetic
parasympathetic
proprioceptors
Muscle spindles
Detect lengthening / speed
recruit stretch reflex
plyomterics
muscle shortens
Golgi Tendon Organs
detect tension
over ride stretch reflex
muscle lengthens
PNF stretching
recruiment of muscle
motor units
same fibre type
vary in size
motor neurone + fibres
spatial summation
number of motor units
wave summation
number of impulses per motor unit
All or none law
threshold
all contract maximally
or none
skeletal system
joints
Ball and socket
shoulder
hip
Hinge
Elbow
Knee
Ankle
Sagittal plane/transverse axis
frontal plane / sagittal axis
transverse plane / longitudinal axis
musculo-skeletal system
muscular system
anatgonistic pairs
agonists
antagonists
types of contraction
isotonic
concentric
eccentric
isometric
Energy Transfer systems
energy continuum
Anaerobic
ATP-PC
Lactate anaerobic
OBLA
lactate sampling
Aerobic
recovery
EPOC
VO2max
impact of specialist training
Altitude
HIIT
SAQ
plyomterics